Meaning: Labour Laws are also called Employment Laws. It can be defined as a collection of laws which control the rights and restrictions or working people and their organizations, workplace healt...

In the dynamic tapestry of time, women's roles in society have transformed from confined spaces to becoming integral members of the workforce. From the the post-Vedic period's restricted roles ...

The rise of the gig economy has revolutionized labour markets globally, introducing flexibility and autonomy into the workplace. However, it also challenges traditional legal frameworks designe...

India's gig economy - encompassing app-based ride-hailing (e.g. Ola, Uber), food delivery (Swiggy, Zomato), courier services, and freelance tech/creative work - has grown explosively in recent ...

Industrial peace is essential for economic development. Disputes between employers and employees, if not addressed in a timely and fair manner, can disrupt production, cause financial losses, a...

Labour laws are also known as employment laws. They are the body of laws, administrative rulings, and precedents that address the legal rights and restrictions of working people and their organ...

"The conditions of labour are the conditions of progress. If we don't stand for workers, we don't stand for much." - Eugene V. Debs The Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act, 1...

The safe and healthy environment of work is an integral part of labor rights and human dignity. In India, the protection of the health and safety of workers is not only a legal obligation but als...

The 2019 Code on Wages marks a substantial shift in the field of labor law in India. The law seeks to provide equitable treatment for all workers and expedite compliance by combining four impor...

India's labor law system has traditionally been marked by a patchwork of legislations, tending to result in regulatory overhang, administrative overload, and loopholes in the protection of wo...

In India's changing fabric of the world of labor, the Industrial Relations Code of 2020 embodies the shift paradigm by which working place relations come to be managed and regulated. This revol...

India's labor law framework, prior to 2019, was criticized for being complex, fragmented, and outdated. Spread across multiple statutes, the rules governing wages were not only difficult to nav...

The Industrial Relations Code, 2020 marks a significant reform in India's labor legislation landscape, aiming to streamline dispute resolution, reduce litigation, and promote industrial harmony...

Ease of Formation, but Weak Recognition: The old law made it relatively easy to form a trade union with just seven members. While this fostered the growth of the trade union movement, it often led ...

An in-depth analysis of India's Labour Codes 2020—do they empower workers or weaken protections? Explore the real impact on workers' rights. In 2020, India ushered in a new era in labour reg...

In a workplace, clarity about roles, responsibilities, and conduct is essential. To ensure this, Indian labour law mandates "Standing Orders" — a legal document that defines employment condit...

The Indian labor law regime has undergone significant changes in recent years with the codification of multiple labor legislations into four broad labor codes. This blog presents a comprehensiv...

The Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act, 1946, has long served as a cornerstone in regulating the conditions of employment in industrial establishments across India. These "standin...

In a world that thrives on the ideals of equality and fairness, pay disparity remains one of the most persistent forms of gender-based discrimination. For decades, women across the globe—incl...

The principle of "Equal Pay for Equal Work" is a foundational tenet of social justice and gender equality. In India, despite constitutional guarantees and earlier legislative efforts ...

With the implementation of the new labor regulations, India's labor legal framework is undergoing a significant transition. The working environment is set to change in 2025 and beyond as a resu...

Over the past few decades, women have made significant strides in entering and excelling in the workforce, but gender equality in the workplace remains an ongoing challenge. Despite legal provi...

The shift towards remote work, accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic, has fundamentally transformed how businesses operate and how employees engage with their work. What was initially a temporar...

The Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act, 1946, was a landmark piece of legislation in India aimed at standardizing employment terms and fostering fair practices between employers and em...

Introduction: The Historical Context And Need For Reform India's labour regulatory framework, prior to the codification process, consisted of 29 central laws and over 100 state laws, many dating...

In the fast-paced evolution of industries and the ever-changing nature of work, the need to ensure safe and humane working conditions has never been more critical. One of the key legislative in...

Wages are the backbone of any employment relationship. They define the worth of a worker's time, skill, and labour. In India, where economic disparities are wide and labour rights are constantl...

Labour laws in India have long stood as the guardians of workers’ rights, shaping the relationship between employers and employees across diverse industries. While their primary goal remains ...

In order to create a prosperous, independent India (Aatmanirbhar), worker empowerment is essential.  Approximately 90% of India's workforce, or more than 50 crore workers, are still e...

India's labour law framework has long been criticized for its complexity and fragmentation, often leading to confusion among employers and inadequate protection for workers. For decades, wage r...

The year 2020 represented a pivotal change in India's labour regulation framework. Following extensive discussions and consultations with various stakeholders, Parliament enacted four significa...

Equal pay for equal work is a basic right protected by labor legislation. It guarantees that all employees are fairly compensated for their labor, irrespective of gender. This blog will examine...

Long notorious for their complexity, India's labor laws have overlapping rules, antiquated policies, and inefficiencies that complicate employee compliance and burden companies. The Indian gove...

The principle of "equal pay for equal work" has long been a cornerstone of workplace equality. However, this idea frequently stays more idealistic than practical in many nations, incl...

The Code on Wages, 2019, marks a pivotal reform in India's labor legislation, merging four earlier statutes into a cohesive system designed to guarantee just compensation and equality. Fully im...

Whether you're sipping chai at a factory gate, typing away at a laptop in a co- working space, or managing a shop in a bustling bazaar, wages matter. They're not just numbers on a payslip — the...

In today's evolving world, the principle of equal remuneration stands as a beacon of fairness and equity in the workplace. Stemming from the Code on Wages, 2019, this transformative legislation...

The Code on Wages, 2019, represents a landmark shift in India's labor legislation, consolidating previous wage-related laws into a unified framework. This blog examines its core themes—minimu...

Industrial Relations Code, 2020: Comparison of Old & New Law The Industrial Relations Code, 2020 is a landmark legislative reform introduced by the Government of India to consolidate and simplif...

India's labour legislation witnessed a transformative change with the introduction of The Code on Wages, 2019, a significant stride in the government's initiative to consolidate and simplify In...

India's labour law landscape has undergone a landmark transformation with the consolidation of over 29 central labour laws into four major codes. This legislative overhaul is aimed at enhancing...

In India, where over 500 million people make up the workforce, labour laws play a crucial role in maintaining a balance between economic growth and the rights of workers. Whether you're a stude...

One significant piece of legislation to support gender equality in the workplace is the Equal Remuneration Act of 1976, which is an Indian labor law. The right to be treated equally on the basi...

The Code on Wages, 2019 marks a landmark shift in India's labour law landscape. It consolidates four major legislations, the Payment of Wages Act, 1936, the Minimum Wages Act, 1948, the Payment...

Think of a canvas where each stroke is a different law, each one designed to safeguard the rights of Indian workers. For decades, this canvas was disjointed, with different laws scattered here ...

The Industrial Disputes Act of 1947 is a key piece of legislation in India that provides a framework for the resolution of disputes between employers and employees in the industrial context. Th...

In a significant move to modernize India's labor laws, the government introduced four Labour Codes between 2019 and 2020, consolidating over 29 central labor laws into a more structured and sim...

The Minimum Wages Act, 1948 is more than just a legal framework it's a tool of social justice that bridges constitutional principles with economic realities. It authorizes both Central and Stat...

In India, labor welfare is closely linked to occupational health and safety (OHS). Health, safety and well-being for workers in many industries is a key focus of national labor law.  Why ...

Technological advancements, demographic changes, and changing workforce dynamics are causing a significant shift in the nature of work. Automation and artificial intelligence (AI) are expected ...

Collective bargaining is a fundamental process through which employees represented by trade unions, negotiate with their employers on issues such as wages, working hours, benefits, and workplac...

Child labour continues to be a critical social concern, particularly in developing nations like India, where millions of children are still engaged in work. Even with technological advancements...

The New Labour Code 2025 aims to modernize Indian labour laws by introducing a 4-day workweek, enhanced social security, and simplified regulations. It balances employee welfare and employer fl...

Over the last few years, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has come up as a transformative technology across the globe. The impact of AI on the labour force has been an issue of notable debate; AI i...

The Employee's Compensation Act of 1923 gives the federal government and state governments the authority to establish regulations for the efficient application of compensation legislation. The ...

The Code on Social Security, 2020 (CSS, 2020)[1] is a landmark reform aimed at reimagining the way India protects its workforce. In a country where employment spans a vast spectrum—from corpo...

"Labour is not a community. Poverty anywhere constitutes danger to prosperity everywhere "-- Declaration of Philadelphia An organisation can work on the basis of two primary elements...

Facts forming parts of the same transaction = The doctrine of Res Gestae. The literal meaning of Res Gestae is - things done Res gestae is a doctrine developed under English law and can be unders...

The labour laws in India have been historically complex, fragmented, and often criticised for their lack of clarity and enforcement. India's labour laws have developed over decades due to indus...

An Inquiry Officer undertaking departmental proceedings carries a significant responsibility, demanding unwavering conscientiousness and meticulous attention to detail. Their process must be ch...

Right to Family Pension: Family pension benefits are a critical aspect of social security, providing essential financial security to retired government employees and the families of deceased g...

The Indian economy is dualistic characterized by the existence of a comparatively well-organized sector along with an unorganized sector with a pre-dominance of self-employment. According to th...

The landmark case of Subhash Kumar v. State of Bihar & Ors. is a milestone in Indian environmental jurisprudence. Decided by the Supreme Court of India, the case is notable for recognizing ...

Definition of Employment Law: Overview of what employment law covers and its role in regulating the relationship between employers and employees. Importance of Employment Law: The role it play...

Work-life balance in today’s world requires attention, as the issues arising from excessive work demands in corporate environments are concerning. Therefore, this topic should be discussed a...

The term "gig economy" describes a labor market where jobs are short-term, task-based, and often facilitated through digital platforms. These "gig" workers-also referred to as platform workers-...

Human proliferation is increasing with the passage of time. This indicates increase in necessities, wants, variations in tastes, culture. In order to fulfill all necessities one end up joining ...

In discussions, about India's progressions often focus turns to labour laws which are commonly seen as a source of conflict. These laws are often portrayed in a light as barriers that discourag...

The issue of environmental protection and pollution control in India has become a matter of public importance. The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, is a key statute aimed ...

Work load on individual affects his life in various aspects which consequences in poor relationships with others and various emotional and intellectual break-downs to his life at the personal a...

The Factories Act, 1948, is one of India's seminal labor laws, meticulously structured to safeguard the health, safety, and welfare of workers within industrial establishments. Section 46 of th...

The principle of "equal pay for equal work" is a cornerstone of labour rights, aiming to ensure that individuals performing the same tasks receive equal compensation, regardless of th...

The entitlement of an employee to subsistence allowance during suspension, even while under judicial custody, is a subject of profound jurisprudential significance. This article delves into the...

The Occupational Safety and Health Code, 2020 (OSH Code) marks a transformative shift in India's approach to safeguarding worker welfare. It not only consolidates and rationalizes 13 existing l...

The term "compensation" refers to the entire package of perks and awards received by employees from their employers in exchange for their work and services. It encompasses various com...

The Bhopal Gas incident, 1987 was one of the most horrendous industrial disasters that humanity has ever witnessed. The Bhopal Gas Tragedy today stands out as the stark example of industrial ne...

The gig economy has reshaped the global labour market, offered flexibility but also challenged traditional labour rights frameworks. Recent labour law amendments, especially in India, have soug...

Meaning Of Collective Bargaining:The Term Collective bargaining was coined by Sydney and Beatrice Webb in 1891, it means collective negotiation between the employer and the employee. Bargaining...

The 18th and 19th centuries witnessed the dominance of a laissez-faire economy, where government oversight in commercial activities and relations between employers and employees was minimal or ...

The origins of India's employment laws date back to the British colonial period preceding independence. These laws were passed by the British government to safeguard British interests industria...

Historical Background The origins of India's employment laws date back to the British colonial period preceding independence. These laws were passed by the British government to safeguard Brit...

Trade unions are organizations made up of employers and workers that voluntarily join together to safeguard and advance the interests of their members. These are the best kinds of organizations...

Legal Framework And RegulationsThe Factories Act, 1948, is a comprehensive piece of legislation that governs various aspects of factory operations. It applies to any premises where manufacturin...

Legal Framework And Regulations The Factories Act, 1948, is a comprehensive piece of legislation that governs various aspects of factory operations. It applies to any premises where manufactur...

One of the earliest labour legislations in India, the Minimum Wages Act was enacted in 1948 immediately after India attained Independence. But even today a large section of the workforce remain...

The Employees' State Insurance Scheme is an integrated measure of Social Insurance embodied in the Employees' State Insurance Act and it is designed to accomplish the task of protecting 'employ...

Despite the fact that the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) was established 75 years ago, the fight against gender discrimination is still one of the most important struggles of our ...

The Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs), which are corporate entities under government control, hire people from the private sector, government employees, and other personnel fall into one of thr...

Last month, I read an article in the India Today which in one of its pages in bold fonts had, Haath lagao toh current lagta hai: IAF pilot moves Jammu-Kashmir HC alleging sexual harassment by s...

Creating a safe and supportive environment in today's professional world is nearly impossible. As being employees, we dedicate half of our lives to our professional careers, and it is very nece...

Equal remuneration refers to the principle that men and women should receive equal pay for work of equal value. This concept is rooted in the broader pursuit of gender equality and aims to elim...

In the realm of employment law, the intersection of legislation and evolving work structures often raises intricate questions. One such query pertains to the applicability of the Tamil Nadu Sho...

India, a nation-state geographically located in South Asia, boasts the world's second-largest population, and is recognized as the world's largest democracy. The Indian concept of democracy dif...

The International Labour Organization (ILO) defines collective bargaining as "negotiations about working conditions and terms of employment between an employer, a group of employers or one...

The Street Vendors (Protection of Livelihood and Regulation of Street Vending) Act, 2014 The street vendors are a major part of the Indian informal economy. A statistical data served by the M...

Child Labour, the detrimental employment of children, has cast a long shadow across human history. Though the Industrial Revolution intensified concerns, legal efforts to curb this practice hav...

The Occupational Safety, Welfare and Conditions of the workers are a major concern in our country, due to failures of these areas, the conditions are the workers are worsened day-by-day. In ord...

The Factories Act, 1948 was enacted to consolidate and amend the laws regulating labour in factories where such is expedient. Every labour legislation aims to protect workers from exploitation ...

The Code on Wages Act, 2019 is a comprehensive legislation that consolidates and replaces four existing laws related to wages in India: The Payment of Wages Act, 1936; the Minimum Wages Act, 19...

Indian labour and employment laws primarily recognises three main categories of employees: government employees, employees in government-controlled corporate bodies known as Public Sector Under...

The need to protect the rights of gig workers has been a topic of discussion for a while now. The COVID-19 pandemic has further highlighted the need for social security measures for gig workers...

Name and Date of Judgement: The State of Maharashtra and Ors (Petitioner) v/s Shrikant Dhondu Suttar and Ors (Respondent) Citation: (2023) WP 8243 of 2019 BHC Decided on: 15 September 2023 N...

The Industrial Disputes Act of 1947, a pivotal legislation in India, delineates a comprehensive framework for the resolution of conflicts arising in the industrial landscape. The primary object...

Collective bargaining, the cornerstone of fair labor relations, embodies a pivotal process that shapes the dynamic interplay between workers and employers in contemporary workplaces. Stemming f...

In the vast socio-economic landscape of India, migrant workers constitute a significant demographic. These individuals, predominantly engaged in daily-wage occupations within the manufacturing ...

North Eastern Railway Employees' Union v. Deputy Labour Commissioner/Deputy Registrar of Trade Unions, Gorakhpur Citation: (2003) 2 LLJ 201 Coram: Single Judge Bench of All H.C. (Before Anjani...

The word "child" is akin to the word "universe." Children are the life force that keeps humanity alive. They are the group most likely to be used unfairly and mistreated (both physically and ...

One of the earlier laws to benefit labourers was the Employees Compensation Act. It was enacted in 1923 and came into effect on July 1st, 1924. The Act's purpose was to establish rules for the ...

The standards of labours is maintained according to Trade Union Act, Industrial Dispute Act, Factories Act, Payment of Wages Act, etc. The condition Labours and workmen have been marginalized t...

Working conditions refer to the set of circumstances, environments, and factors that affect the physical, mental, and emotional well-being of employees in the workplace. They include things lik...

The Gender Pay Gap: A Historical Perspective The gender pay gap, the difference in earnings between men and women, has deep historical roots. Traditionally, societies have relegated women to dom...

Trade Unions are the group's set-up with the aim of trying to create fairness and job security in a workplace. A trade union is an organization of workers who have banded together to achieve co...

This research paper investigates the issue of unionisation among sex workers in India, focusing on the potential benefits and challenges associated with collective bargaining and empowerment. B...

This comprehensive comparative analysis explores the intricate evolution of labor rights across epochs, emphasizing the feudal system, French and American Revolutions, secularism, capitalism, h...

The government passed the Child Labour Prohibition and Regulation Amendment Act, 2016 on January 1st. The Amendment Act prohibits hiring children under the age of fourteen. The amendment also m...

The Apprentice Act was enacted in 1961 and came into effect on January 1, 1963, in order to provide regulations and control over the training of apprentices. The actual meaning of the word appr...

The Employee's State Insurance Act of 1948 was passed on 19th February 1948 and came into force on 24th April 1948. It was inaugurated at Kanpur to reduce physical ailments. It is a significant...

Interpretation of Statute means to understand the meaning of the statute by the words in which it is expressed. It is the primary function of the court to interpret the legislature when a dispu...

The Employees' Compensation Act, 1923 provides for payment of compensation to certain classes of employees (other than one covered under Employees' State Insurance Act, 1948) for injury by acci...

Collective bargaining is a pivotal element of labour relations in India, enabling workers and employers to negotiate and determine terms and conditions of employment. It plays a crucial role in...

Workmen v/s Firestone Tyre And Rubber Co. (1973) 1 Supreme Court Cases 813 Civil Appeal No. 1461 of 1972 - Decided on March 06, 1973 This Old Judgement passed by the Hon'ble Supreme Court of I...

It was strongly felt after World War I that universal peace based on social justice was essential. In order to achieve this, the International Labour Organization (ILO) was formed in 1919. In t...

When the success of a corporation depends greatly upon delicate processes, technological supremacy, and trade secrets employers are keen to adopt all sorts of protective measures for shielding ...

The Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 is an important piece of legislation in India aimed at combating corruption among public servants and other individuals. It was enacted to replace the ear...

Labor law, also known as labor law, is the laws, administrative decisions, and precedents that address the legal rights and restrictions of workers and their organizations. Labor law attempts t...

"Industrial jurisprudence is the corner stone of the fabric of the entire human race."-- Mahesh Chandra Labour Law can be defined as employment law governing the legal rights and liabilities...

Respondent: National Union of Water Front Workers (NUWW) A short brief about the case- Facts, Issues, Arguments and the Final Judgement. The fundamental issue before the court was the conflic...

Introduction The departmental proceedings are started by the disciplinary authority under different existing service and conduct rules of the government against misconduct or indisciplined act...

"The Internet is becoming the town square for the global village of tomorrow." - Bill Gates The Internet and information technology are of highest importance in the world we live in today an...

The essence of a successful industry in India, or anywhere for that matter, hinges significantly on the harmonious relationship between employers and employees. A peaceful work culture is param...

Introduction Findings are presented by the inquiry officer after the inquiry of the charge against the delinquent has been completed as part of the departmental proceedings initiated against h...

People at grassroot level are the best key to poverty alleviation. The main reason why it has been difficult to alleviate poverty is because the people who are at the grassroot level or rather ...

Common Errors, Hindrances & Remedies in the Conduct of Departmental Proceedings While conducting enquiry into a Departmental Proceedings, the principles of natural justice and the theory of ...

In September 2020, the Indian government introduced a set of new labour codes, aimed at consolidating and simplifying the country's existing labour laws. These codes, which include the Code on ...

Lay-off is a well-known name in respect of industrial dispute also known as returning without work or keeping without work. Lay-off means putting aside the workman temporarily. The employer-emp...

The industrial disputes act extends to the whole of India. It came into the operation on 1st day of April 1947. The object of the act laid down in the preamble of act is to make provision for t...

Powers to withdraw or cancel the registration of trade union is given to the registrar. The registrar can use his powers in the following cases: On the basis of application If any trade ...

Section 3 to 9 of the trade union act 1926 deals with the provision of registration of the trade union. It is registered under section 3 by the registrar. The appropriate government shall appoi...

The birthplace of the trade union was Great Britain. From Great Britain, the trade Unisom crept on India along with the industrialization. The primary effects of trade unionism in India were po...

Collective bargaining is "the technique by which dispute as to conditions of employment is resolved amicably by agreement rather than coercion".[1] The idea of collective bargaining offers seve...

In the Indian context, reservation refers to a system aimed at providing equitable opportunities and social justice to historically disadvantaged communities. Its purpose is to address historic...

Background and Context Gender equality in the workplace is a fundamental principle of human rights and social justice. It encompasses equal opportunities, fair treatment, and non-discriminatio...

The payment of wages is a fundamental aspect of labour laws worldwide, ensuring that workers receive fair compensation for their labour and contributing to a harmonious employer-employee relati...

Trade Unions were first formed in India in the early 19th century and were later regulated through the Trade Union Act, of 1926 to provide protection to such unions. In India, currently, INTUC ...

The fixation and revision of minimum wages is an important aspect of labour and employment regulations in many countries. Minimum wage laws are designed to establish a baseline level of compens...

The sense of term "Labour" means "Productive work done in order to earn daily wages most preferably Physical work". Ever imagined what would it like to be standing in a market and waiting for a...

If an adult one day for every 20 day of work performed by him during previous calendar But condition must do work for 240 day then only Take leave entitlement one day holiday salary not be...

Brief Facts: Avon Services v. Industrial Tribunal (1979) 1 LLJ 1(SC) is a landmark case in Indian labor law. The case dealt with the interpretation of Section 10 of the Industrial Disputes Act...

Marathwada Gramin Bank Karamchari Sangathan and Ors. v. Management of Marathwada Gramin Bank and OrsCitation: AIR 2011 SC 3567 Date Of Judgement: 09.09.2011 Name Of The Judges Before Hon'ble J...

This article seeks to address the problem of inadequate or practically absent intern protection and remuneration laws in India. It provides a brief legislative analysis of several labour legisl...

Money is Hard to Earn and Easy to Lose. Guard Yours with Care. -Brian Tracy Indeed it is. We do not value money until it is earned by our own blood and sweat. Then comes the realization that...

How Trade Union Plays An Important Role In The Process Of Collective Bargaining: Forming of trade union is fundamental right that is given to every labourer and a skilled workman.   ...

Labor LawLegislation that outlines obligations and rights in the workplace, notably those of the employer and employee, Labor Law is derived from Labor jurisprudence, Labor means working class ...

The provision of Social Security to employees guarantees that they are shielded from all risks and get additional benefits in addition to their pay and compensation. It is a human right that gi...

In India, religious freedom and labor laws are two important concerns that frequently overlap, causing difficulties for both workers and employers. This legal abstract gives a general review of...

India is home to a large population of unorganised labourers, who form an integral part of the country's workforce. Unfortunately, these workers are often marginalised and deprived of their rig...

New opportunities offered due to advancement of technology, specialised facilities and comfort of consumers has given rise to an innovative for of workforce, namely, the gig workers. These type...

Women's employment rates vary widely throughout nations due to differences in social standards, economic growth, education levels, childbearing rates, and availability of childcare and other su...

Labour laws in India play a critical role in protecting the rights of workers and ensuring that they are treated fairly and equitably. These laws cover a wide range of issues, such as minimum w...

The intersection of Labour laws and immigration policies in India has significant implications for migrant workers. This research paper explores the impact of immigration policies on the employ...

The night of 3rd December 1934 in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh around 12 am workers working in the pesticide plant of Union Carbide India Limited noticed burning sensation in their eyes, they realise...

History The British ruled over the Indian Subcontinent, including present-day India and Pakistan, for nearly 200 years (1757-1947) after the arrival of the monopolistic East India Company, whi...

Labour reforms refer to the set of laws and policies that aim to improve the working conditions of employees and promote economic growth. The importance of labor reforms in the business world c...

Merger and Acquisition (M&A) transactions are economic transactions that take place between two or more companies to become a single entity. Mergers are combinations of two companies while ...

The Indian government has recently introduced a new wage code aimed at streamlining and simplifying wage-related laws. The wage code consolidates four existing labour laws, including the Minimu...

Section 59(1) of the factories act, of 1948 provides that: "Where a worker works in a factory for more than nine hours in any day or for more than forty-eight hours in any week, he shall, in res...

Millions of children are impacted by the worldwide problem of child labour, with India having one of the highest numbers of children that are exploited this way. The right to education, health ...

Labour laws in India and Pakistan have various similarities, whether governing labour relations, outlawing child labour in specific industries, or mandating equal pay for equal work. However, t...

As public measures to safeguard employees lag behind this digital transformation, governments are unable to appropriately adapt to the rapid rate of labor market change brought about by digital...

Despite India's many strides in economic growth and prosperity, millions of people are still trapped in a form of modern-day slavery, known as bonded labour or debt bondage. This article will e...

Understanding labour law is an important part of running a successful business. From understanding the rights and responsibilities of your employees to staying up-to-date on current regulations...

Ensuring the safety and health of employees in the workplace is a priority for many businesses. Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) law helps to ensure that employers are providing safe workin...

The world of work is constantly changing and evolving, with new legislation being introduced around the globe all the time. It can be difficult for employers to keep abreast of these changes an...

Remote work, also known as telecommuting or teleworking, is a work arrangement where employees perform their job tasks from a location other than the traditional workplace. It has become increa...

The goals of the labour laws of India and Pakistan are to uphold worker rights and guarantee a safe workplace. The Factories Act of 1948, the Minimum Wages Act of 1948, the Industrial Disputes ...

The Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020 (OSH Code) is a comprehensive piece of legislation introduced by the Indian government to streamline and consolidate the laws r...

India has designated areas called Special Commercial Zones (SEZs) that were created to support export-oriented commercial activity and draw international investment. A framework for the creatio...

The Unorganised Workers Social Security Act of 2008 is an important component of Indian legislation that aims to offer social security benefits to the unorganised labour force in the nation. The Ac...

Special Economic Zones (SEZs) are regions that have been set aside in India with the goal of increasing foreign investment, encouraging export-oriented growth, and creating job opportunities. S...

The increasing number of app-based platforms and the rising demand for freelance labour have made the term "gig economy" a household term in recent years. The phrase "gig economy" describes a l...

Labour laws are necessary to give workers a safe and healthy working environment, as well as fair compensation and other benefits. The labour laws in India have changed over time, and numerous ...

We are always reluctant to put any interpretation upon labour legislation that is likely to prejudice the rights or welfare of Labour. We are fully conscious of the fact that our legislature ha...

As per Section 2 of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, "An Industrial Dispute means any dispute or differences between employers and employers or between employers and workmen or between workme...

In the modern world employees play a crucial part in our country. Regardless of how working practices have changed overtime, the role of workers and their important increases day by day. While...

Labour laws are those that deal with job regulations in any kind of business, including production, selling, retail, and other places. The labour laws handle the numerous management rules and c...

"Workers of the world unite; you have nothing to lose but your chains."- Karl Marx Although India is the world's largest democratic country and has the world's longest constitution, it lacks b...

"Some dads liken the impending birth of a child to the beginning of a great journey." -- Marcus Jacob Goldman A sort of leave provided to fathers after the birth or adoption of a child is kn...

On February 22nd this year, the government of Karnataka brought in some amendments to the prevailing Factories act of 1948[1]. These amendments liberalised the labour laws and permitted women t...

Every industry and organisation rely on contract labourers, who also help the industrial economy, grow. However, contract labourers often face issues with their working conditions, the nature o...

In any industrial society the problem of the labour management relations becomes so important that some sort of social insurance becomes necessary to provide adequate protection from loss cause...

Emerging trends are always a subject matter of debate and Gig Economy is one among them. The social security code has defined Gig worker as, "A person who performs work or participates in a w...

The emergence of a 'labor market' in industrial societies implies not just greater competition and increased mobility of economic resources, but also the precise kind of the work relationship w...

"A nation may do without its millionaires and without its capitalists but a nation can never do without its labour" - Mahatma Gandhi Law is the backbone that governs the working of a nation an...

This article is about how much compensation is given under what conditions, who is liable to pay compensation and more. Every employer must safeguard his employee especially when employees face...

An Introduction to the The Child and Adolescent (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986 was proclaimed by the Government of India in order to regulate the provisions with regards to child labour...

This case highlights another elaboration of Article 21 of Indian constitution, i.e. Right to dignity of life, in virtue of Right to life and personal liberty. The conditions of sex-workers and ...

The protection of workers' rights is made possible in large part by trade unions. The trade unions have been given a few rights and obligations to help achieve this. The Industrial Revolution b...

Employment Nature & AgreementEmployment law is a branch of the law that deals with the relationship between employers and workers, including the responsibilities that employers might demand...

Definition Sec 2(Q) Of Industrial Dispute Act, 1947.Strike is collective stoppage of work by the employer in order to bring pressure upon the management or other employer. Strike means refusa...

Lately, the concept of Employment Bond has gained importance and almost every organization, irrespective of the sector, is insisting for execution of the Employment Bond. With rapidly changi...

A trade union in India is registered according to the provision of the Trade Unions Act, 1926. The appropriate Government has appointed Registrars for the registration of trade unions. A Regist...

As the number of industries is increasing in the country, the risk of workers and employers working for the same is also increasing rapidly. To protect the interest of the workers from future h...

The term 'Minimum wages' seems small but it covers the whole of India. Every state has to follow the rules set by the Act, 1948. According to Section 3(1)(b), the 'appropriate Government' may ...

Trade union is defined under the Trade Unions act, 1926 which defines it as, any combination, whether temporary or permanent, formed primarily for the purpose of regulating the relations betwee...

Employees' State Insurance Scheme (ESI Scheme) is a social security scheme implemented through Employees' State Insurance Act, 1948 and it is designed to accomplish the task of protecting 'empl...

India currently is undergoing a Post covid recovery phase in terms of economy and employment. The Coronavirus pandemic had an unprecedented worldwide financial and labour crisis harming a large...

The legislations are made with 3 objects: To regulate, To Punish, To ensure welfare. Depending upon the object various legislations are framed from time to time by the legislature. In ...

Many Companies announced lay off: Facebook parent company Meta announced that it would cut 13% of its staff or 11,000 workers. CEO Elon Musk announced the company would slash almost half its...

The objective of the Unorganised Workers Social Security act,2008 is To provide for the social security and welfare of unorganised workers and for other matters connected therewith or incidenta...

The Child and Adolescent (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986 was promulgated by the Government of India in order to regulate child labour provisions within the country. Amendments took place...

Wages plays an important role in the economy as it gives the power to the employees to spend more, this covers the wide aspect not only money but the basic necessities and also the money they u...

You might for once think of getting employed at two different places in order to make more money. This seems like a genius idea; the exhaustion might be a little more than you usually bear but ...

Unemployment in India is at an all-time high, rapidly moving from bad to worse. This issue is currently being viewed as one of the most pressing challenges by the people of this nation[1]. ...

"Workers of the world unite; you have nothing to lose but your chains."-Karl Marx Let us first begin with basic definitions According to the Industrial Dispute Act, 1947, Section 2(q) of said...

Every individual has certain rights, and any infringement of those rights constitutes an attack on the state. And these attacks may be even more grievous if the victims are teachers, shapers of...

Here is a guide on the right against exploitation and what it covers, what Articles 23 and 24 speak about, and which should be known to the public. Our country's history has stories of slavery...

The situation of pandemic due to COVID- 19 has made the setup of "work from home" a vital part of the workings of organizations and corporations. Work from home has come as a blessing for some ...

Every year since 2003, April 28 has been celebrated as World Day for Safety and Health at Work. The main goal behind designing this day was to promote the prevention of occupational accidents a...

"Take care of your employees and they will take care of your Business"- Sir Richard Branson In the current fast-moving world where companies are competing with each other on a day-to-day bas...

Poonam Devi and Ors. v. Oriental Insurance Co. Ltd. Case Citation: (2020) 4 SCC 55 Judges: Justice Ashok Bhushan & Justice Manoj Mishra Date of Judgment: 06 March 2020 Procedural History ...

The POSH Law is established for women's safety and a healthy work environment. Let's see its features. Sexual Harassment was put under criminal offense in 2013. After the landmark judgment in ...

The contemporary era might have witnessed a substantial rise in female participation in all fields. However, the nature vs nurture debate fits perfectly in this context as one may argue that se...

With the advent of the novel coronavirus, there has been a dynamic shift in terms of defining normalcy with a shift of the workforce from physical to virtual, it would be correct to say that wo...

On August 8, 2019, the Ministry of Law and Justice of the Government of India notified the Code on Wages, 2019 (the "Code"), which seeks to amend and consolidate the laws relating to wages and ...

Due to the nationwide lockdown and the rise of the Covid-19 the world economies suffered a big blow with regard to infrastructural developments and revenue generation. In order to deal with the...

Conciliation And MediationConciliation, often known as mediation, is one of the most well-known means to carry out the settlement of conflicts under the Industrial Dispute Act of 1947. This met...

The nature of labour laws in developing countries is often perceived to be exclusive of informal employment or the unorganised sector without written contracts or unions, though the contrary is...

Introduction A number of ILO instruments recognise the need of upholding freedom of association. E.g is the Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise Convention, 1948...

Collective bargaining is a process in which the workers and the employer of a company sits together and resolve industrial disputes harmoniously through discussions and settlements. Collective ...

The Industrial Relations Code,2020 is one among four Labour Codes which has been passed by the Central Government on recommendations of Second National Commission On Labour, The Ministry of La...

Background "Labor dignity must be our national duty; it must be a part of our nature." Workers and labourers are the members of our society who contribute to the implementation of great ideas ...

In today's time when the world is going through significant changes and developments in a variety of fields, especially in the commercial sector which has witnessed the establishment of various...

The first and the foremost legislation that forms the very basis of introduction of the concept of trade union in India was the Trade Unions Act,1926(hereinafter referred to as 'the Act'). The ...

The definition of Industry was under Section 2(j) of the Industrial Dispute Act, 1948 prior to Industrial Relations code, 2020. Section 2(j)of the ID act, 1948 "Industry" means any business, t...

What Is Social Security?Social Security is the term used for the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program in the United States, run by the Social Security Administration (SS...

The main concern of labor relations is on the relationships that exist between the employer and the employee, and the labor practices that arise from the interests of such relationships. Labor...

In India, the unorganised sector is critical to the country's economic growth. Unorganized workers make up around 92 percent of India's population. Unorganized employees do not have adequate re...

The International Labour Organization (ILO) was established in 1919, following World War I, as a social engineering project to protect workers' rights and ensure that freedom, equity, and digni...

India is considered to be a welfare state and moreover the largest democracy in the world.. Social Welfare has been at the centre of our policy making from the time of independence itself. From...

India's trade unions have gone a long way since the first organised trade union, the Madras Labour Union, one of the first unions, was created in 1918. There are about 84,642 registered trade u...

Appointments on compassionate grounds have to be made in accordance with the rules, regulations or administrative instructions if any, subsisting, taking into consideration the financial condit...

The word gig by its very definition means a job, especially one that is temporary or that has an uncertain future.[1] As the name suggests a gig economy is a labour workforce which is based on...

Introduction To Migrant Workers: The increasing development and encouragement of technology made the workers run from one place to another in search of work to fight rising unemployment and po...

It cannot be denied that Constitution has a paramount obligation to corroborate the welfare of the workers[1]. Yet with time, the robustness of the trade unions has diminished considerably as w...

As modernisation and industrialization emerged and grew, trade unions were formed eventually. Trade unions are basically an association of employees who share common goals to achieve. Due to vari...

The Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act was enacted in order to protect employers in industrial enterprises from unfair labor practices. Standing Orders are regulations that control the...

I don't believe in a law to prevent a man from getting rich; it would do more harm than good. So while we do not propose any war upon capital, we do wish to allow the humblest men an equal chance...

A contract of employment resonates with a contract of virtually any given nature. So to say, it has respective elements of offer, acceptance, consideration, competent parties, free consent and ...

Every State has formulated its own laws regulating the shops and establishments. This article aims to understand the definition and scope of the terms shops and commercial establishments under va...

This paper critically evaluates the provisions of the Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act, 1976. Abolition of the bonded labour system has been a constant struggle in India. There are several pr...

The ancient Vedic hymn elaborated the concept or social security by wishing everyone to be prosperous, happy, healthy, bright future and without any grief, which is based on human dignity and soc...

,In the thick of the Global pandemic situation, coupled with an unprecedented unemployment crisis, the Government is trying, by any means essential, to keep the economy afloat. With business shut...

Labour law provides for a legislative framework which governs the relationship between - the employees, the employees and the employer, the rights, liabilities and obligations of the workers an...

Labour Laws is an underpinning for every employee and amount of people performing their task as an employee, especially the daily wage workers, without having an inkling of legal underpinning o...

We all know that India is a labour-intensive country. Major of the industries work in the country depends on labour. Since ancient times, wealthy and influential class people harassed their wor...

The legislative intent of enacting the Code of Wages, 2019 is clear from its preamble which states that its object is: to amend and consolidate the laws relating to wages and bonus and matters co...

The main objective behind implementation of the Employee's Compensation Act, 1923 was to provide payment by employers to employees in the form of compensation for any loss or injuries suffered ...

This Article states about Wagering Agreement under the Indian Contract Act. It also discusses the wagering agreement meaning, features, History , Its lawfulness in India and relevant case laws...

For sustainable development, gender equality is crucial. Gender equality does not imply that men and ladies are equal but ensuring equal access to opportunities, resources and rewards for all, ir...

Unemployment and Poverty, Hallows to the Nation ~BhagyaShree Sharma Seventy-Three years of Independence, seventeen national elections, numerous parties, plenty of governments, yet, the scar ...

The development of law can be traced with the emergence of states and its contents depended on the material conditions existing in the society. According to the Marxist approach, law was a resul...

The International Labor Organization (ILO) is the United Nations agency for the world of work. It sets international labor standards, promotes rights at work, and encourages decent employment o...

Labour law reforms were among the more significant promises made by the National Democratic Party (NDA) government led by Prime Minister Narendra Modi. The argument given was that Indian indust...

Power concedes nothing without demand Fredrick Douglass (American Abolitionist) In 1802, a primary benevolent statute in favour of the working class was passed by the British Legislatio...

An employment contract is an agreement that discusses in detail the working rapport of a company and an employee. It helps both parties to comprehend their obligations and the stipulations of e...

There is no assertion that any of the appellants have qualified both parts of A.M.I.E. Examination which is treated to be equivalent to the Engineering Degree. The appellants being only Diploma...

Labour law also known as employment law is the body of laws, administrative rulings, and precedents which address the legal rights of, and restrictions on, working people and their organization...

While framing the Constitution of India due consideration was given to that fact that certain communities in our country suffer from social, educational and economic backwardness due to lac...

Universally the power structure in the society has always been weighed towards the haves and therefore, the have-nots of the society need protection from exploitation. This is applicable f...

Inappropriate behaviour at the workplace does not only make the workplace unreliable and threatening for women, but it also discourages their ability to convey themselves in the present contend...

The unorganised worker's social security Act was enacted by the parliament of India in 2008 by president's assent. It is implemented by the Ministry of Labour and Employment. worker's sector. R...

The Central Government in its effort to rationalize labor law and to brought different kind of employees and workers and their working conditions under a single code decided to amalgamate 13 labo...

The law relating to labour and employment in India is primarily known under the broad category of “Industrial Law”. The laws for labour, the multifarious set of law deals with matters such ...

Due to the current lockdown being exercised by order of the Government of India for maintaining physical distance or to avoid forming group amongst people to protect and to eliminate the spread o...

The Parliament has passed three Historic and path-breaking Labour Codes which are: Industrial Relations Code Bill, 2020 Code on Social Security Bill, 2020 Occupational Safety, Health and Wor...

The Government recently notified the Industrial Relations Code, 2020 (code) which seeks to consolidate the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 (IDA), Trade Unions Act, 1926 (TUA) and Industrial Emplo...

Workers with a high unemployment rate in developing countries like India can be exploited by employers because of their existing low bargaining power. In such a case, the worker will earn salarie...

Satisfied labours are a vital factor to any firm's growth. No firm can prosper without the support of its employees. However, in India more than 25% of rural household and 12% of urban househol...

A key HR issue for the BPO and the re-appropriating industry is recruit and fire. While European businesses know about the limitations on recruit and fire, US organizations expect a legitimate sy...

The Industries in a country play a very important role in maintaining the economy of the country and so their smooth functioning is very important. Precisely, steps have to be taken to ensure goo...

In recent decisions, the Single Bench of the J&K High Court & Delhi High Court held that, in service matters the High Court lacks original jurisdiction under Article 226 of Constitution of India ...

As of figures in 2014 the Central government had 47 Lakh employees [1], which undoubtedly make it the biggest employer hitherto in the country. A huge chunk of population yearns to procure a jo...

Following the COVID-19-induced economic disruptions, up to 135 million jobs have been lost and 120 million people have been pushed back into poverty in India, all of which will have a hit on cons...

A migrant labourer is someone who has moved from one country to another, or within the same country, in search of work and livelihood. Economic and employment opportunities being a key reason for...

India is a founder member of the International Labour Organization. So far India has ratified 47 Conventions of the ILO, and influence of ILO Conventions as a standard of reference for labour le...

The unorganized sector in India plays an important role in the development of the economy. Around 92% of India's population consists of unorganized workers. The unorganized workers do not have en...

Facts Of The Case The respondent employees were fined by the Appellant Board for misconduct and various sums were recovered from them. Therefore, they filed a Claims Application No. 5/72 under...

When a company declares insolvency, then among one of the first part of the procedure is the appointment of a Resolution Professional for that Company. The Committee of Creditors (CoC) appoints f...

India is a founder member of the International Labour Organization. So far India has ratified 41 Conventions of the ILO, and influence of ILO Conventions as a standard of reference for labour leg...

Details of the case: Appellant : Koodaranji Service Corp. Bank Respondent: Smt. M.M. Lissy & Ors. Jurisdiction: Kerala High Court - Citation: (1994) IILLJ 97 Ker. I. Material Facts of the Case: ...

The lockdown necessitated by the Covid19 has not only impacted the Companies, but it has also miserably impacted the shops and commercial establishments across the country. These shops and commer...

The Prisoners Act, 1894 came into existence in order to regulate the prisoners. It is one of the key legislations where the police & lawyers should understand the process. In this article, let us...

Employment in India is divided into two sections, the labour sector and the employment sector. This divide comes from the definition of Workman' in the Industrial Disputes Act. The result of ma...

The Covid-19 outbreak has been causing a great economic standstill affecting both public and private enterprises. To deal with the loses, many companies are resorting to wage cuts, lay-offs and...

To meet with the exigencies arisen out of Pandemic, State of Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat have suspended several labour laws, following which some other State governments also made ...

Never waste the opportunity offered by a good crisis-Niccolò Machiavelli While most of the citizens are using the opportunities offered by this pandemic to develop and build on their skills, wh...

The Central Government has issued Advisories and Directions under the Disaster Management Act 2005. And order under Section 10(2) was issued on March 29, 2020 dealing with the issue of payment of...

The labour laws regulate the procedure and employment for the workers engaged in an organisation. There are laws which apply to both organised and unorganised sector. The unorganised sector consi...

The employer's accountability to compensate an employee arises under section 3 of the Employees Compensation Act, 1923. Under this section, five prerequisites are enumerated upon satisfying which...

On 15th April, 2020 a bench of Hon'ble Supreme Court comprising of Justice R. Banumathi and Justice A.S. Bopanna, observed in a case titled as Rajasthan State Road Transport Corporation Ltd. & Or...

Background of the Act In 1928, the International Labour Organisation while referring to the wages of the workers of the industries where the wages were considerably low introduced the concept of ...

In the present era where the role of the private sector has escalated substantially and the role of the public sector is plummeting, the questions connected to the welfare of private sector emplo...

The Supreme Court reiterated that the relevant date for the determination of compensation along-with interest at the rate of 12% payable under Employees Compensation Act 1923 is the date of the a...

Industrial Revolution of India and Labour Policy Labour rights or workers' rights are a group of legal rights and claimed human rights having to do with labour relations between workers and thei...

Corruption causes considerable damage to the economy of the nation. The roots of corruption are so deep that it is an uphill task to eradicate them. It is only possible if and only if each citi...

The apex court on 28th February 2019 delivered a revolutionary judgement that has changed the Employee Provident Fund deduction structure entirely. The apex Court in The Regional Provident Fund V...

A wage is monetary compensation (or remuneration, personnel expenses, labor) paid by an employer to an employee in exchange for work done. Payment may be calculated as a fixed amount for each tas...

Part I It is most common even for those who have studied labour laws to use the term Textile and Garments Industry interchangeably but they are neither substitutes of one another nor synonyms....

In the time where the economy of the country is slowing down and unemployment rates are breaking 45 year old records. The incumbent central government don't even feel evident to address the issue i...

The Industrial disputes Act 1947, was enacted in the post-independence era with a view to regulate the relationships of the employer and employee and to maintain peace and harmonious relations be...

All the appeals raise a common question of law, if the special allowances paid by an establishment to its employees would it fall within the expression Basic Wages under Section 2(b)(ii) read wi...

Industrial accidents and diseases are far more frequent and damaging than most people not directly concerned with industry realise. People are shocked from time to time by mass disasters but are ...

Meaning and Definition of AwardSec. 2(b) of the Industrial Dispute Act defines the term as follows award means an interim or final determination of any industrial dispute or of any question relat...

My Request Is Which Authority To Give Me Employment Assistance Under Priority Ii A Category To Dependent Of Disabled Soldier. Dget Exservicemen Cell Have Forward My Case To State Govt. Authoriti...

Case Study - The Management of Tnstc (Coimbatore) Ltd V. M Chandrashekaran: Analyzing The Rationale In Jurisdiction Matters The Industrial Dispute Act, 1947 (hereinafter referred as ‘the ...

Trade Unionism had made its headway owing to growth of industrialization and capitalism. The Indian trade union movement is now over fifty years old. It has passed through several stages in its c...

Social security is an important component of any social development agenda and is as relevant as physical security in the evolving concept of human security. Right to social security is a human...

Employment contracts in a vast majority of businesses today have increasingly being incorporating a particular clause in the contract known as an employment bond. An employment bond is an agree...

The Payment of Gratuity Act 1972 is a social security enactment. An Act to provide for a scheme for the payment of gratuity to employees engaged in factories, mines, oilfields, plantations, por...