In the dynamic tapestry of time, women's roles in society have transformed from confined spaces to becoming integral members of the workforce. From the the post-Vedic period's restricted roles to the present era of industrialization, women's entry into the workforce has witnessed a transformative journey.

This evolution towards economic empowerment and social equality, however, has not been free from challenges. Women grapple with complexities at work that demand a robust legal framework.

• Equal Remuneration Act, 1976

  Equal pay for equal work has constitutional recognition as contained in the Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy. The Act provides for the payment of equal remuneration to both men and women for performing the same work or work of a similar nature, failing which the employer is penalized. Thus, it prevents discrimination against women in matters of payment of remuneration.
   

• Maternity Benefits Act, 1961

  Prior to the enactment of this Act, there were different state Acts and three central Acts dealing with the provisions of maternity benefit. The Act was enacted to reduce disparities in different laws and provide for maternity protection to women employed in all establishments except those to which the Employees' State Insurance Act, 1948 applies. The Act prohibits the employer from employing women during certain periods and grants the right of such women to be paid maternity benefit.
   

• Sexual Harassment at the Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013

  This is one of the most recent legislations and was enacted to incorporate the guidelines laid down by the Supreme Court. It provides for protection of women against sexual harassment at the workplace. There are provisions in the Act dealing with the prevention and redressal of such complaints. This Act is in consonance with the spirit of Article 21 of the Constitution, which includes the right of women to dignity, life, and liberty.