Land-locked states, which lack direct access to the sea, face inherent challenges in participating equally in international trade and maritime resource use. To address this, international law h...

The Israel-Palestine conflict is one of the longest and most emotionally charged disputes in modern history. It's a complicated mix of politics, religion, history, and identity that has spanned...

In a world where capital moves faster than ever, foreign direct investment (FDI) has become a powerful engine for economic growth. For developing countries, it promises jobs, technology, and in...

Digital privacy is more than a legal subject—it’s an everyday issue that affects how we interact with technology, from shopping online to using social media. As digital data becomes increasingl...

This study embarks on an in-depth exploration of the increasingly significant role that non-state entities—namely, multinational corporations (MNCs), non-governmental organizations (NGOs), an...

India and Pakistan proportion one of the maximum complex and risky relationships in worldwide geopolitics. Born out of the painful partition of 1947, the 2 nations have experienced moments of h...

Introduction: The Threat Beyond War Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical (NBC) weapons are the most destructive technologies people have ever created. A single nuclear bomb can flatten a city. A ...

Transboundary rivers and seas play a critical role in global stability, providing essential resources such as water, energy, and food security. Yet they are also flashpoints for international c...

This study examines the evolution and current challenges of the international trading system, focusing on the period between 2018 and 2024, with particular emphasis on the unprecedented simulta...

The International Criminal Court (ICC) was established with a grand vision—to end impunity for the world's worst crimes and ensure justice for victims of genocide, war crimes, and crimes agai...

Today we live in a globalised world, where distance and space have almost disappeared and communities and regions are becoming more integrated. The globe is becoming more densely populated. Dif...

To protect peace and harmony among the states in the world is the main objective of the United Nations. With reference to the Charter, the members are responsible for keeping harmony and to set...

India and the United States share a complex and evolving trade relationship shaped by a blend of cooperation, strategic interests, and economic friction. Over the years, trade between the two n...

"This analysis investigates the interplay between international law and India's domestic legal framework, specifically examining how international law is legally recognized and applied wit...

Introduction: The Clash of Legal Worlds: International Law operates on a global stage, governing the interactions between sovereign states and international organizations. Think of it as the r...

Introduction to Jus ad Bellum - The Framework for Legitimate War: The term Jus ad Bellum, often translated as "the right to war," refers to the comprehensive set of legal principles th...

Defining Dolus Specialis:Dolus specialis is a distinct type of criminal intent, requiring a specific purpose or outcome beyond the general intent to commit an act. It's crucial in international...

The Lotus Case, officially known as The Case of the S.S. "Lotus" (France v. Turkey), was a landmark legal dispute adjudicated by the Permanent Court of International Justice (PCI...

The Corfu Channel Case is a notable instance of reparations within the framework of international law. The International Court of Justice (ICJ) adjudicated that Albania was liable for compensat...

Interpol, the International Criminal Police Organization, is a global network that enables law enforcement in member countries to collaborate on transnational crime. Extradition is the legal pr...

In simple terms, asylum is when a country offers safety and protection to people who face serious threats or harm if they go back to their home country. These threats can be because of things l...

The Hallstein Doctrine, a cornerstone of West Germany's Cold War foreign policy, was named after Walter Hallstein, the first Secretary of State at the German Foreign Office. Developed in the 19...

The Stimson Doctrine, announced by U.S. Secretary of State Henry L. Stimson in January 1932, established a principle of international law. It stated that the United States would not recognize a...

The Estrada Doctrine, named after former Philippine President José Estrada, is a crucial principle in international law concerning the recognition of foreign governments. It asserts that the P...

The International Court of Justice[i] is the main judicial body of the United Nations and the principal judicial organ for the settlement of disputes among states and giving advisory opinions o...

The world we live in today is super connected, and laws aren't just staying within one country's borders. Governance these days gets shaped by a back-and-forth of ideas, rules, and how we do th...

Cultural heritage is the most important part of human civilization, as it indicates the history, identity, and culture of a country. Throughout history, numerous cultural artifacts have been un...

The 21st century has witnessed an increasing prevalence of climate-induced displacement as an emergent global issue. People forced to leave their homes due to climate-related phenomena, such as...

Ethical hegemony in international relations represents the dominance of moral principles and values imposed by powerful nations on global governance structures and state interactions. This pa...

This research paper explores the critical role of International Criminal Law (ICL) and the International Criminal Court (ICC) in addressing core international crimes such as genocide, war crime...

The Foreign Awards (Recognition and Enforcement) Act, 1961, was a key piece of legislation in India that facilitated the recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards before it was rep...

This paper briefly explains the concept of International Humanitarian Law (IHL), majorly explaining the double standard of the International Court of Justice regarding the IHL issues. The fun...

India's borders with Bangladesh and Myanmar are intricate and shaped by various geopolitical elements, resulting in considerable security issues that impact regional stability. These challenges...

Facts: In 1913, there was a concession agreement signed between French firm, Collas & Michel and the Ottoman Government. (A concession agreement is a contract that gives a company the right to...

International Court of Justice also known as World Court is the principal judicial organ of United Nation (UN). It is among one of the Six Principal Organs of United Nation. ICJ was established...

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1948, stands as a landmark document affirming fundamental human rights. It encapsulates unive...

This article seeks to elucidate the life and contributions of Hugo Grotius, a towering figure in legal and philosophical thought whose groundbreaking work Mare Liberium (1609) helped shape the ...

International child custody disputes have become increasingly complex in a globalized world, where families frequently cross-national borders due to work, education, or personal reasons. These ...

International law is a complex and multifaceted area of the global legal system that seeks to regulate relations between states and other international actors for peaceful interaction. It cover...

This blog delves into the effectiveness of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) mechanisms in resolving cross-border business disputes. The globalization of commerce has given rise to complex i...

The African Continental Free Trade Area (AFCFTA), established in the late 2010s by member states of the African Union (AU), stands as a monumental agreement uniting the continent's vast economy...

Legal systems in Arab states criminalize and prohibit same-sex conduct and its expression. These laws were inherited through the oppressive attitudes of colonial regimes towards homosexuals. Jo...

Cultural heritage does not end at monuments and collections of paintings. It includes traditions, beliefs, knowledge, or skills passed on from our ancestors to our descendants. Tangible cultura...

Hugo Grotius, also known as Hugo de Groot, was a 17th-century Dutch jurist, philosopher, and statesman whose contributions to international law laid the foundation for modern concepts of intern...

On the 8th Anniversary of the landmark ruling in the SouthChina Sea Arbitration, China denounced the South China Sea arbitration as a mere political charade, accusing the Philippines of breakin...

The typology of opinion within settlement rule, international judicial practice and international academic opinion brings to be implanted a nuanced comprehension of its concepts and categories....

Extradition is a legal process involving the surrender of a criminal suspect or convicted individual by one jurisdiction to another for prosecution or punishment. It is a crucial tool in intern...

There was an award on expropriation given by the Tribunal. It found that Italy had expropriated Rockhopper's investment without compensation, thus deeming it unnecessary to decide the other cla...

Investment Treaties are bilateral or multilateral agreements between parties (individuals, corporations or sovereign nations) to make investments among themselves. When this investment treaty i...

Existence of international human Rights and International law are made through agreements. This research survey intense determination of International Human Treaties on Domestic Law. It travers...

The Global financial crisis of 2007-2008 revealed substantial shortcomings in global financial regulation, prompting a reevaluation of regulatory structures and their efficacy in managing marke...

International Investment Law regulates the relationship between states and foreign investors. It is essential for driving and attracting Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) that boost the domestic...

The authors of this chapter of the book, Anne Van Aaken and Tobias A. Lehmann have elaborated on the equation of International Investment Law (IIL) with Sustainable Development from a viewpoint...

The North Sea Continental Shelf cases (Federal Republic of Germany v. Denmark; Federal Republic of Germany v. Netherlands), adjudicated by the International Court of Justice (ICJ) in 1969, repr...

The Asylum Case (Colombia v. Peru) [1950] ICJ 6 is a seminal decision in public international law by the International Court of Justice (ICJ). This case intricately navigates the recognition an...

The Anglo-Norwegian Fisheries Case (United Kingdom v. Norway [1951] ICJ 3) is a seminal decision by the International Court of Justice (ICJ) that delineated the parameters of maritime boundarie...

The Island of Palmas case (Netherlands v. United States, 1928) stands as a cornerstone in international jurisprudence concerning territorial sovereignty. This arbitration, adjudicated by the Pe...

This legal analysis scrutinizes the International Court of Justice's (ICJ) adjudication of the Temple of Preah Vihear dispute between Cambodia and Thailand, rendered in 1962. The contention cen...

Space, as a commercial sector has been largely unexplored by the private players, which engulfs a huge latent potential for economic development and various new dimensions of growth. It can pla...

India's accession to the Madrid Protocol on July 8, 2013, marked a significant milestone in its intellectual property landscape. This article delves into the profound impact this accession has ...

International humanitarian law (IHL), also referred to as the laws of armed conflict, is the law that regulates the conduct of war (jus in bello). It is a branch of international law that seeks...

Kennedy vs Bremerton School District (2022)Citation: 597 U.S. No. 21 - 418 Court: United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit Parties Involved: Plaintiff: Coach Joseph Kennedy ...

Stateless is a condition where an individual does not get recognised as a national of any state. Under International law, Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons deals with the S...

The ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine has come under international scrutiny since it began in 2014. This research article analyses disputes from the perspective of international law. ...

The legal structures and concepts that regulate the monetary interactions between countries and international entities are collectively referred to as international monetary law. This topic is ...

Refugees are people who have been compelled by violence, conflict, or persecution to leave their home nations. An essential component of international law is the protection of refugees and thei...

International trade finance operates at the crossroads of global commerce and legal fabrics, icing the smooth flux of goods and services across borders. This analysis delves into the legal comp...

Arbitration has become a widely used process that provides parties with efficiency, neutrality, and flexibility in settling international economic disputes. The convergence of arbitration and p...

This abstract explores the evolving landscape of international dispute resolution methods in the contemporary era. It examines the dynamic interplay of diplomatic negotiations, legal mechanisms...

As approaching 21st century and various modernisation has landed which spark various disputes on international platform. The settlement of international disputes has evolved significantly, infl...

Maritime Law And Its ConceptionThe rights and responsibilities of coastal governments with regard to the use and preservation of the ocean environment and its natural resources, as well as thei...

There are several reasons why some states choose not to join the International Criminal Court (ICC), including issues of sovereignty, jurisdiction, human rights violations concerns and biases. ...

International survival and development in the world arena are a complex problem that developing countries need to handle. Although every nation may have a specific situation, there are some pri...

"South Africa vs. Israel" was tried under the International Court of Justice (ICJ) on December 29, 2023, by South Africa. The International Court of Justice has 17 judges hear South Africa's ca...

International law is a distinctive part of the general structure of international relations. In contemplating responses to a particular international situation, states usually consider relevant ...

Understanding Customary International LawCustomary international law is an important component of the global legal system, influencing the norms, rules, and standards that govern state behaviour ...

A contract of extradition or extradition treaty is a duly signed document that covenants two or more nations to help transfer individuals who are wanted or sentenced in connection with a crime ...

In the complex arena of international relations, the use of force remains one of the most contentious issues governed by public international law. The legal parameters defining when and how forc...

The digital revolution has transformed global interactions, offering unprecedented connectivity but also new realms for conflict and crime. Cyberspace, a borderless and dynamic domain, challenge...

Economic sanctions and trade embargoes are often deployed as tools of diplomacy to influence the behavior of nations, punish rogue regimes, or address international conflicts. While these measu...

In an increasingly interconnected world where data flows like never before, the backbone of global communication infrastructure often goes unnoticed: submarine cables. These cables, lying deep ...

Allegation on China:In today's world elections play an important role as backbone of a democratic nation but due to the polarization of the power among nations have posed a threat to democracy ...

The idea of diplomatic immunity is crucial for maintaining diplomatic ties and promoting effective communication between nations in the field of international diplomacy. It is a long-standing p...

On 13 July 2023, The International Court of Justice (ICJ) delivered its judgement on the merit of the case concerning Question of the Delimitation of the Continental Shelf between Nicaragua and...

Issues that indicate challenges to the rule of law in the sense that the fragmented nature of legal instruments regulating marine plastics and microplastics weakens legal certainty and effectiv...

Introduction to the Rome Statute:The International Criminal Court (ICC) was established by the Rome Statute, a crucial document in international law. This statute, adopted on July 17, 1998, in ...

In the landscape of international law, few subjects carry as much gravitas and moral urgency as the accountability for war crimes and crimes against humanity. The quest for justice in the aft...

In the world of international biofuels alliances, cooperation is not just a catchphrase but a fundamental idea that drives all activities. These partnerships function as dynamic forums where in...

Few connections in the complex web of international geopolitics are as closely watched and important as the one between China and India. Their relations, as the two most populous countries and ...

The conflict between Israel and Iran stands out in the Middle East due to its deep-seated roots in geopolitical, historical, and religious factors. This enduring hostility has profound implicat...

Although the field of international relations can be complicated, diplomacy is essential to harmonious ties between states. The idea of diplomatic relations will be thoroughly examined in this ...

India's connections with its neighbours are an important and enduring matter of discussion. India, which is surrounded by nations such as Bangladesh, China, Pakistan, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and othe...

The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) stands as a cornerstone of public international law, representing a monumental achievement in curbing the spread of nuclear weapons....

This article investigates the notion of extradition under international law, its general principles, and Indian extradition legislation. In addition, it discusses the idea of asylum in relation...

Syria is one of the most severely impacted nations in terms of human rights. Syrian conflict is one of the biggest and most vicious humanitarian crises in the history of the globe. Twelve milli...

By word Private International law (PIL) we can understand it is a dispute which is present on an International platform. Private International law is also called as conflict of law because the ...

Jeremy Bentham coined the expression "international law" in 1780. The System of Public International Law may be defined as "a body of laws, rules, and legal principles based on c...

China has in several territorial disputes, intentionally left its claims ambiguous. China has territorial disputes in water, air, and land. Chinese coast guard ships and Philippine ships have b...

The echoes of past battles appear to ricochet into the present, reminding us of the brittle nature of peace in a world full of tension and strife. The world is plagued by a number of conflicts ...

One of the most urgent humanitarian issues in a world full of wars and revolutions is the situation of migrants. Even the vast and diversified country of India has been affected by the current ...