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India May End Up With Exploitation Of Natural Resources In Year 2050? Does That Disasters Link With Any Other Reasons Other Than Usual? Why And How? A Lawyer’s Shriek

India has claimed recently to be one of the youngest work force among the world and what going to happen when these youngest population get retirement? Does government has any retirement plan for these old age senior citizens in year 2050? If they have not obtained proper retirement benefits and regular income source, how these retirements people going to manage their life?

The Government has almost stop to initiate the family planning programs and focusing on developing the infrastructures and truing to stabilize their economy but without seeing the upcoming collateral damage of the exploitation of environment and natural resources. People have cornered the endangered animals in to extinction and the forestry lands are becoming farming lands in common and, other side farming lands becoming residential plots. What else government plan that can retain the natural resources other controlling the human population through the family planning initiatives when there were no significant environmental amendments acts in the country over 20 years.
  1. The First country initiated the National Program for Family Planning

    India is the first country in the world that started the national programs for family planning in 1958 and the aforesaid programs has been successfully implemented in the country until 1990s but today the country has lost its track and taking a wrong turn by following the neighboring countries that far different in its geographic size, natural resources in tact to the population.

    Three decades before Indian Government has taken effective initiatives about the family planning by advertisements such as:
    "We Two & Ours Two", then after some years they even advertise, "We Two & Ours One" and used to publish its advertisements about the contraception methods in every media including TV, radio and newspapers.

    The Men and Women were recommended going through Contraception implants after their first child and Government of India dedicated their entire resources for such initiatives and very serious defending the increase of population exploitation. In fact, Government's such initiatives increased the awareness to common man and their families about the family planning and earned significant development in achieving the target family planning, birth control etc in early 1990s.

    Currently, the growth rate of the number of older individuals (age 60 and older) is three times higher than that of the population as a whole (Giridhar, Sathyanarayana et al. 2014).

    Three dominant demographic processes drive the growing share of older Indians: declining fertility rates due to improved access to contraceptives, increasing age at marriage, particularly among women, and declining infant mortality; increasing longevity because of advances in medicine, public health, nutrition, and sanitation; and large cohorts advancing to older ages (Bloom, Hu et al. 2014).
     
  2. India's initiatives for saving the Environmentin 1990s

    The Government of India took reasonable attempts to protect the environment, to preserve the forest and wild life in early 1990 but sadly, government has not paid significant amendments either to control the human population, nor control the human intervention to the forest by appropriate acts over 3 decades.

    But shockingly, the above said family control initiatives has been dropped by the Government of India due to various reasons likely unstable governments in central, national defense issues at borders, increasing demand to improve economic stability by providing education, by increasing industrialization, by increasing the armed force but ultimately the Government has lost to stop the exploited population, which make them luminously forgotten the root cause of all issues in one and final objective mission "family planning" and "birth control".

    Additionally, infrastructure in India needs to be elderly and handicapped friendly. As India continues to modernize its infrastructure, designing spaces for an aging population will involve building structures, adapting transportation, and implementing services that meet the needs of older adults and that address the principles of inclusivity, accessibility, and connectivity (World Health Organization 2007).

    This effort has started with Kolkata, Udaipur, and New Delhi becoming members of the WHO Age- 18 Friendly World Global Network (Sinha 2012, World Health Organization Centre for Health Development 2015), a network committed to sharing best practices in urban healthy aging and promoting age-friendly infrastructure components such as accessible buildings and public transit, customer service that is friendly to older adults, and appropriate public places for walking and resting (World Health Organization 2007).

    With both urban and rural environments that often pose major mobility challenges to older adults and persons with disabilities, more Indian states and cities need to realize the importance of a built environment accessible to the aging population.

    1. No legislative amendments in Environmental Acts over 3 decades
      The encroachments towards forest land are uncontrolled for the last 30 years where the natural resources of the country has been put to test and no legislative amendments for decades. The forest land of the country is 19.44% in year 1991 as per the state of forest report 1991 and that is reduced to 5%within the last 30 years. The environment protection act came into force in India from 1986 to protect the environment and preserve the forest and animal pouches.

      The aforesaid law has been amended in 1991 and the said law has not been reviewed, has not been revised for over 30 years and Most of the sections in the aforesaid act are quiet outdated. The Government of India has also amended Forest Conversation Act 1980, in Amendment 1991 where government made provisions for allowing non-forest activities to set transmission lines, exploration and hydro-electric projects with union government approval.

      The Air Act 1981 came in to force in year 1981 to prevent air pollution and amended in 1987 and no other laws has been amended for the last 30 years, other than Wild life (Protection) Act 1972 with 7 amendment in total.
       
    2. Government on developing the Industry & Infrastructure
      On the other side, government taking aggressive initiates in developing infrastructure and where they build road ways, bridges, tunnels and other development projects by taking the free lands at the forest area and formers lands in villages that cause more damages to environment and no significant enforcement are in practice to regulate any encroachments for the last 3 decades.

      Recommendations for publicly financed health insurance and provision of free drugs and diagnostic services are a part of India's 2012– 2017 five-year plan, and in January of 2015 the new government's Finance Ministry released a draft National Health Policy (NHP) that states that "India would need to develop its own cost effective and culturally appropriate approach […] to addressing the health and care needs of the elderly," which necessarily includes community and family support and meets the need for palliative and end-of-life care. It also increases provision of national tax revenue to individual states and devolves responsibility for health care program design and delivery to state governments (Government of India 2015, Reddy 2015). However, due to resource constraints, the government has drastically cut back on proposed spending for the plan, leaving these "national health assurance" provisions in doubt (Kalra 2015).

      At the present time, however, more than 70% of older Indian workers surveyed cited economic necessity, rather than personal preference, as their main reason for remaining in the workforce, indicating a high level of income insecurity (Alam, James et al. 2012).

      In the 2010 Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI pilot) study of about 1,500 older adults (adults 45 and up in rural and urban areas and their spouses irrespective of age) in four states, a full 69% of respondents reported getting no physical exercise; lack of exercise increased with age and was significantly more prevalent among females than males (Arokiasamy, Bloom et al. 2012).

      . This is highly significant because in many Indian communities, and particularly under traditional Hindu law, widowed women have historically suffered from social stigmatization and discrimination, although evidence exists for improvement in the treatment of widows in the country as a whole (Kadoya and Yin 2012)

      This article is written to grab the attention of commonpublic as well as the government for taking appropriate measures to protect the nature and whereas they has no other plan to take initiative in family planning to the country and therefore human population will not exploit the rest of the natural resources.

      India is the seventh largest country in the world and second largest count in Asia by covering 3,287,263 square kilometers and having land size around 2,973,190 square kilo meters. The county has its size big and considered to be subcontinent but, in such subcontinent has been exploited by the population with h 1 man: 0.002124 square kill meter and carrying 1400 million populations. India only has 2% of land in the world but now carrying 20% population of the world. India has covered with 40% of forest during 1947, but the forest land has been reduced to 21% in 2017. The deforestation has not only reducing the natural resources but also decreasing the numbers of endangered animals & species.
       
  3. Ratio between skilled & unskilled workforcein India

    India is one of the 54 commonwealth countries but having 50% of the population of the entire commonwealth nations within its land space. The Government of India has admitted in year 2017that they have only 2% of skilled work force among the 400 million of young population and the rest 98% of population are going to be end up with a retirement without any pension scheme benefit, without any social security. The human has no other option to survive within the affordable area and where he has no other source to exploit the resource by deforestation and industrialization.

    Therefore, India may have maxim chance by end up with unemployment due to huge unskilled population;even face civil supply shortages in near future. The Government of India has dreams to become to wipe of poverty by education, employment but these educational initiative alone would not save the country and government has to find out a solution to save the natural resources such as forestry, wild life and river banks in order to save their natural resources. The government of India has to pay significant importance to retake the lest mission " the family control planning" and allot appropriate budget and also amend the environment laws for the modern India and rid off the forest encouragements.

    A study in India's southern states reports that the prevalence of mental illness among older adults may be as high as 27%, with depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, dementia, and alcohol dependence predominating (Reddy, Gupta et al. 2013). Meanwhile, data from India's National Sample

    Survey (NSS) suggest a significant positive correlation between mental illness prevalence and age, especially in rural areas (Lakhan and Ekundayo 2015).
    1. Populationand Infrastructure Developments cause extinction of endangered animals & deforestation.
      Surprisingly the increasing in population that has earned an accidental benefits to India such as world's youngest work force, increasing in purchase capacity, increasing in land price, increasing export, increasing imports, world's largest democratic & republic country Reconginzation etc.

      The aforesaid such unexpected advantages India has lost its track to control its population and continue to concentrate in improving its infrastructure, its nuclear power, its space research and satellite and other technological developments to sustain its creditability but has not allotted significant budget for the prime mission "Family Planning & Birth Control".

      The Government has funded for massive infrastructures in the last three and they build high ways roads, bridges, trains and underground tunnels, industrial parks across the country and these infrastructure development never ends the demand of the increasing population and no new environment laws, no amendments to existing laws has empower these activities.

      The mountain forests such as western guards and eastern guards at southern part India has been exploited by the people encroachments due to high population and also severely damaged due to expansion of highways authority of India. The Government bureaucrats like IAS (Indian Administrative Service), IPS (Indian Police Service), IRS (Indian Revenue Service), IFS (Indian Forest Service) like officials has been groomed with an objective better administrative aspects to serve the society, but has not been trained for serving the environment but they are appointed for national missions such as Population control, Environment development and Protecting Endangered species without any precious training program about the mission.

      The officials has capacity to take enforcement against the any violation in their jurisdiction but they unable to deny the orders by the ministries and they could not exercise their powers against the ruling parties and they amicably do follow ministers.
       
    2. Retirement Schemes in India
      Only Politicians and Government employees are enjoying the pensions through various schemes but however, The Government employees who joined after 2004 in the government service are not entitled for Employment Pension scheme in India. The Employment Pension Scheme is a part of Employment Provident Fund (EPF) in Private organizations in India; Employees who may eligible for EPF when receive basic salary over 15,000/- whereas the employers are compelled for their contribution and therefore most of employers purposely evading the EPF contribution by classifying their employees basic salary below Rs. 15,000/- and increase the Daily Allowance, Accommodation Allowance etc. Almost 94% of the population in India is working for Private Organizations and not all employees are eligible for Employment Pension schemes and employees over 20 in an organization are entitled for employee provident scheme.

      Thus, many of the private employees in the country don't fall under this scheme. Moreever, Government has also not timely paid the due EPF payments that detected from the employees & employers. There are no straight forwards procedures in the country to withdraw the EPF during the employment for any emergency and where there is lot of hidden forms that no common man can access to the funds.

      The Government doesn't dispense the EPF funds after the retirement age of the employee automatically and only the people who has been set for availing EPF from the concerned government department. None of employees could easily withdraw the aforesaid amount after the retirements and most people quiet and gives up due to complicated procedures and unusual verification etc.

      The left over self employed people and small and medium farmers in the country has been left with no proper retirement schemes and mostly they used to rely on their family members on their elderly age. The farmers has been entitled for pension for only a tune of Rs.3000/- per month under PM Kisan Maandhan Yojana and the aforesaid money could not even sufficient at all.

      Almost the retired farmers of the country has left with no other option to work until their end of life and they have no other option for survival to engage some of the activities likely production related activities that related to farming, or they may decided to sellout their farming land to real estate for further survival. The industrialist has looking out these kind of opportunities to convert the farming lands to industrial lands and neighborhood forest lands has been encouraged by public for the various reasons.
       
    3. The Enforcement oflaw in protecting the Environment
      The one and only way for the environment lovers to file a suit in the appropriate court or ministries for remedy but below challenges are faced and subsequently the efforts drained without any yield. Therefore these missions fall under the hands of legislation, but Indian legislator'shas not paid any initiatives for the last 30 years and last amendment of Environmental Protection Act 1986 was happened in 1991.

      The Ministries is trying to protect the Politicians properties in the encroachment areas and they only initiates rules that subject to no action by the administrative and Government of India sadly has not passed any new laws, has not amended to the existing laws for the past three decades. India's natural resources has been exploited vastly across the country whereas People has entered and cultivates in to forestry lands and reducing the spaces for the animals and when man-animal conflicts, people blame animals and killed elephants, tigers and other animals.

      Since no amendment in the environment Act, Courts in India could not able to apply the clutches of law to protect the environment and therefore could not able to protect forestry from the encroachment of public and it is very common to see the news about the human and animal conflicts in daily basis and almost endangered animals in the edge of extinction.

      In 2012, for example, only 8% of Indian males aged 60 to 64 were widowed, compared with 35% of females in this age group. Among adults 80 and older, a majority of females, more than 60%, had been widowed, compared with just 27% of males (Desai, Dubey et al. 2015). This is highly significant because in many Indian communities, and particularly under traditional Hindu law, widowed women have historically suffered from social stigmatization and discrimination, although evidence exists for improvement in the treatment of widows in the country as a whole (Kadoya and Yin 2012).

      Most notably, widowed females may suffer from income insecurity due to inheritance traditions that favor sons over daughters and insecurity in their living arrangements (Dey, Nambiar et al. 2012, Sathyanarayana, Kumar et al. 2014). Evidence also indicates that Indian female widows aged 60 and up suffer from morbidity due to communicable and noncommunicable diseases at a significantly higher rate—13% more—than do male widowers in the same age group. Despite this, however, older female widows are also significantly less likely to engage in health care seeking behavior (Agrawal and Keshri 2014).
       
  4. Forgotten the Millennium Goal

    The Government of India has been equipped with significant tools with sufficient funds raised and managed by the administrative departments but, theyhas neither not spent sufficient money or allot budget for needful family planning advertisement in media, likely TV, Radio and News Papers, nor its officials for protecting the environment.

    The Government of India tries to compete with China in globalization era by adopting some of the policies of china to sustain its economic powers and undermine its family planning policies without proper feasibility study about the size of land intervention to the country population. The China and United States are actually has almost same size of land and these countries has almost setting policies to preserve their natural resources, they don't set policies unique and not following neighborhood and thus, they save their country's natural resources and protects its people and environments.

    The South Korea, China, USA has over 50% of skilled work force and these countries has significant retirement benefits including pension schemes and sufficiently backed up with national social schemes. Therefore,The China has relaxed their 35 year one-child policies in year 2015 after a deep research about the area of land intervention with their population. I.e., China's 1.430 billionpopulationsare occupying the entire country nearly a size about 9597000 km² but India's 1.400 billion populations are occupying the entire country nearly a size about 3287000 km².

    India is democratic country has totally dropped the family planning and started to following the tracks of china and ignored to take initiatives to controls its population. The aforesaid activities going to affect the country after 30 years and India may fall under the cruel civil supply shortage, unemployment and may surrounded with poverty, unless the government pay attention to take some reasonable initiatives to control the population like earlier 1990s and protect the natural resources.

References:
  • Agrawal, G. and K. Keshri (2014). "Morbidity patterns and health care seeking behavior among older widows in India." PLoS One 9(4): e94295.
  • Alam, M., et al. (2012). Report on the Status of Elderly in Select States of India, 2011. New Delhi, India, UNFPA India.
  • Arokiasamy, P., et al. (2012). Longitudinal aging study in India: Vision, design, implementation, and preliminary findings. Aging in Asia: findings from new and emerging data initiatives. J. P. Smith and M. Majmundar. Washington, D.C., The National Academies Press: 36-74.
  • Bloom, D. E., et al. (2014). Longitudinal Aging Study in India: Biomarker Data Documentation. Boston, Harvard University Program on the Global Demography of Aging.
  • Desai, S., et al. (2015). India Human Development Survey (IHDS). University of Maryland and National Council of Applied Economic Research. Ann Arbor and New Delhi, Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research.
  • Dey, S., et al. (2012). "Health of the Elderly in India: Challenges of Access and Affordability." Aging in Asia: Findings from new and emerging data initiatives. Panel on policy research and data needs to meet the challenge of aging in Asia, JP Smith and M. Majmundar, Eds. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press: 371-386.
  • Giridhar, G., et al. (2014). Introduction. Population Ageing in India. G. Giridhar, K. M. Sathyanarayana, S. Kumar, K. S. James and M. Alam. Delhi, Cambridge University Press: xvii-xxvi
  • Government of India (2015). Draft National Health Policy 2015. New Delhi.
  • Lakhan, R. and O. Ekundayo (2015). "National sample survey organization survey report: An estimation of prevalence of mental illness and its association with age in India." Neurosciences in Rural Practice 6(1): 51-54.
  • Kalra, A. (2015). Exclusive: Modi government puts brakes on universal health plan. Reuters. New Delhi, Thomson Reuters.
  • Kadoya, Y. and T. Yin (2012). Widow discrimination and family care-giving in India. Osaka, The Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER), Osaka University
  • Kadoya, Y. and T. Yin (2012). Widow discrimination and family care-giving in India. Osaka, The Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER), Osaka University.
  • Reddy, V. B., et al. (2013). "Mental Health Issues and Challenges in Inda: A Review." International Journal of Scientific Research Publications 3(2): 1-3.
  • Sinha, K. (2012). Kolkata joins global network for age-friendly cities. The Times of India. New Delhi, India
  • World Health Organization (2007). Global age-friendly cities: A guide, World Health Organization.
  • The skill development updates by Pravalika on Govt of India updates in year 2017
  • https://www.mygov.in/newindia/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/newindia301634_1504694260.pdf
  • Environmental Protection Act 1986, https://www.indiacode.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/6196/1/the_environment_protection_act%2C1986.pdf
  • Ministry of Home and Family welfare records, https://main.mohfw.gov.in/sites/default/files/56324455632156323214.pdf
  • The land size and countries records data, https://www.statista.com/statistics/262955/largest-countries-in-the-world/
  • The Forest survey India, land recorded in state of forest report 1991, https://fsi.nic.in/documents/sfr_1991_hindi.pdf

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