According to the Code of Civil Procedure (C.P.C.), a plaint is a crucial document that initiates a civil suit. It must contain specific essential particulars to ensure that the court has all the necessary information to adjudicate the dispute effectively. The essential particulars that must be included in a plaint are outlined in Order VIII, Rules 1 to 8 of the C.P.C. Here is a detailed explanation of these particulars:

1. Name of the Court: The plaint must specify the name of the court in which the suit is being filed. This is important as it establishes the jurisdiction of the court and ensures that the case is brought before the appropriate legal authority.
    
2. Details of the Plaintiff: The plaint should include the name, description, and place of residence of the plaintiff. This information is necessary to identify the party initiating the suit and to ensure that the defendant can respond appropriately.
    
3. Details of the Defendant: Similar to the plaintiff, the plaint must also contain the name, description, and place of residence of the defendant, as far as they can be ascertained. This is crucial for the defendant to be properly notified of the proceedings against them.
    
4. Statement Regarding Minors or Persons of Unsound Mind: If either the plaintiff or the defendant is a minor or a person of unsound mind, the plaint must include a statement to that effect. This is important for ensuring that the rights of such individuals are protected in legal proceedings.
    
5. Facts Constituting the Cause of Action: The plaint must clearly state the facts that constitute the cause of action, including when and where it arose. This is essential for the court to understand the basis of the plaintiff's claim and to determine whether the case is valid.
    
6. Jurisdiction of the Court: The plaint should include facts that demonstrate the court's jurisdiction over the matter. This means providing information that shows why the particular court is competent to hear the case, such as the location of the events or the residence of the parties involved.
    
7. Relief Claimed: The plaint must specify the relief that the plaintiff is seeking from the court. This could include monetary compensation, specific performance of a contract, or any other form of relief. Clearly stating the relief sought helps the court understand the plaintiff's expectations and the nature of the dispute.
    
8. Value of the Subject-Matter: The plaint should state the value of the subject-matter of the suit for the purposes of jurisdiction and court fees. This is important as it determines the court's jurisdiction and the fees that need to be paid for filing the suit.
    
9. Set-off or Relinquishment of Claims: If the plaintiff has allowed a set-off or relinquished a portion of their claim, the amount so allowed or relinquished must be stated in the plaint. This ensures transparency regarding the claims being made.

In summary, a plaint must be comprehensive and include all the essential particulars as specified in the C.P.C. These particulars not only help in identifying the parties and the nature of the dispute but also ensure that the court has the necessary information to adjudicate the matter fairly and efficiently. Failure to include any of these particulars may result in the plaint being rejected or the suit being dismissed, highlighting the importance of adhering to these requirements in civil court practice.