Space law encompasses the legal framework governing activities conducted beyond
Earth's atmosphere. It comprises a collection of international agreements,
treaties, conventions, and resolutions established by organizations like the
United Nations, alongside regulations set by individual nations.
These regulations cover a broad spectrum of issues, including environmental
preservation in space and on Earth, liability for damages caused by space
objects, dispute resolution mechanisms, astronaut rescue protocols, information
sharing regarding space hazards, utilization of space technologies, and
fostering international collaboration. Additionally, countries enact their own
laws pertaining to space exploration and activities.
Recent advances in space exploration and technology have increased the need for
space laws to control the actions of governments and corporate organisations.
India has been attempting to create a robust legal framework to oversee its
space activities because it is an prominent player in the international space
business.
Introduction in the light of Background
In 1958, India became a member of the ad hoc committee constituted by General
Assembly, its Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS)and its
various subcommittees (a scientific and a technical one), the only international
forum for the development of international Space Law. This Committee has been
integral in negotiating five international treaties covering space of which
India is a signatory, namely:
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The Outer Space Treaty, 1967; this treaty governs the activities of states in exploration and use of outer space, including the Moon and other celestial bodies.
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The Rescue Agreement, 1968; the agreement looks into the rescuing of astronauts, their safe return, and the return of the objects that had been launched into outer space.
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The Liability Convention, 1972; this agreement speaks about international liability for damage caused by space objects.
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The Registration Convention, 1975; this is a convention on registration of objects in outer space.
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The Moon Treaty, 1979; the agreement governs the activities of states on the Moon and other celestial bodies.
Space research activities were initiated in India during the early 1960s when
satellite applications were in experimental stages, even in the United States.
With the live transmission of the Tokyo Olympic Games across the Pacific by the
American Satellite 'Syncom-3' demonstrating the power of communication
satellites, Dr Vikram Sarabhai, the founding father of the Indian space
programme, quickly recognised the benefits of space technologies for India.
As a first step, the Department of Atomic Energy formed the INCOSPAR (Indian
National Committee for Space Research) under the leadership of Dr Sarabhai and
Dr Ramanathan in 1962. The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) was formed
on August 15, 1969. The prime objective of ISRO is to develop space technology
and its application to various national needs. It is one of the six largest
space agencies in the world. The Department of Space (DOS) and the Space
Commission were set up in 1972, and ISRO was brought under DOS on June 1, 1972.
By 2007, India had launched Chandrayan-I, the world's first unmanned spacecraft,
to the moon. The Memorandum of Understanding between India and the National
Aeronautics and Space Agency (NASA), the European Space Agency (ESA), Bulgaria,
and several other accords demand for India to establish and reform its national
space strategy. As a result, in the last half-century, ISRO has launched over
300 satellites for 33 different countries, which is a great achievement.
The Current Regulations of Space Activities
The Indian Space Program is organized in a hierarchical framework, with the
Office of the Prime Minister overseeing all operations and exercising control
over the program through the Space Commission and the Department of Space. The
Department of Space is in charge of enforcing this policy. ISRO is primarily
responsible for space research and development. The Indian Space Program's major
goal is to apply space technology to national development while also performing
space science research and planetary exploration.
ISRO runs a number of programs aimed at fostering space technology in India,
including the Launch Vehicle Program, program for broadcasting and
telecommunications, and the Remote Sensing Program for using satellite pictures
for development. ISRO also provides services (as per DOS rules) such as space
infrastructure for India's telecommunications needs, satellite services for
weather transmission, forecasting, and meteorology, satellite images, and many
other services in order to improve space science.
Space Regulation Activities In India
India started space exploration with Aryabhtta on 19 April 1975, the first
satellite, and Rakesh Sharma, the first Indian astronaut, to reach the space on
April 3, 1984, and now, it has a prominent presence in space as many
international satellites are now launched by India. NASA and ISRO work closely
on various projects
India currently lacks any space-related legislation. Only a few laws and
regulations, such as the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) Act of 1969
and the National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC) Guidelines of 2011, regulate
space-related operations. However, more than these rules and regulations are
essential to control India's expanding space sector. India is starting to gain
traction as a prospective player in the global commercial space sector.
Authorisation, contracts, dispute resolution, licencing, data processing and
distribution related to earth observation services, certification of space
technology, insurance, legal difficulties related to launch services, and stamp
duty are just a few of the topics that need to be discussed. The necessary
statute and laws need to be updated to incorporate space law-related matters
into domestic laws.
The space activities in India are entirely governed by the Department of Space
since its establishment in 1972 and before that the Department of Atomic Energy
was taking care of all the administrative activities of the space programme of
India. The need for national space laws or policies was never felt in India
until recently as outer space is not seen as a domestic issue but as an
international issue.
The Space Activities Bill 2017 was introduced by the Indian Government to make a
change in terms of the space policies of India. The draft bill has completed
public and legal consultation and it was been sent for further approvals.
At present, the things have changed significantly.
In June 2020, the government introduced a new organization known as the IN-SPACe
(Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre). IN-SPACe is a
"single window nodal agency" established to boost the commercialization of
Indian space activities.". It was due to the formation of this organization that
the debate around the privatization of the Indian space programme had begun.
This Indian government had also come up with a draft of the Space-based
Communication Policy of India-2020 namely the Spacecom Policy- 2020 and the
draft norms, rules and regulations and the guidelines and procedures for the
implementation of the Spacecom Policy-2020.
The policy aims to do the following two things:
- Firstly, the policy aims at regulating the commercial use of satellites, orbital
slots, and ground stations for communication needs.
- Secondly, this policy also discusses how private players can get authorization
to institute new communication satellites and ground stations.
The Need For Space Law In India
India had been a signatory to the Convention on International Liability for
Damage Caused by Space Objects, 1972 since its inception. With the contemporary
issue of space issue doing its rounds, India was involved in the centre of an
international dispute after space debris from an Indian satellite, landed in a
hamlet in Japan. Thus, as a signatory to the convention, India had an absolute
liability to pay for the damage caused by its satellite as it was returning to
the earth. With no national space law and policy at hand, it was, difficult for
India to determine and quantify the damage caused and to squeeze out of the
situation.
However, this cannot be denied that India is carrying itself ahead, and is
evident with the formulation of Indian Space Act, the draft namely, Geospatial
Information Regulation Bill, 2016, which is still pending consideration. The
Bill intends to police acquisition, publication and distribution of geospatial
information of the country; this seems to be a narrow scope because right now
India needs a law that primarily protects the sovereign, public and commercial
interests on all aspects.
After the government of India put out forms for the press release, the ISRO
chief made a statement about how India is taking its baby steps. Two bills, the
draft Geospatial Information Regulation, 2016 and the Draft Space Activities
Bill, 2017 had faced vehement criticism from numerous stakeholders, hence the
latter Bill, which encourage to do away with the government monopoly and allows
participation of non-governmental entities in the space forum.
According to Ernst & Young's 2022 report in collaboration with the Indian Space
Association, titled "Developing the Space Ecosystem in India: Focusing on
Inclusive Growth", India's space economy is expected to grow to $13 billion by
2025 at a compound annual growth rate of 6%. Despite being such a fertile area
for growth, India still struggles to unlock its full potential due to regulatory
roadblocks facing the establishment of upstream and downstream space activities.
Owing to policy uncertainties, India needs a comprehensive space legislation to
attract and sustain investor confidence. The provision of space insurance, for
example, would be an important step towards ensuring the latter. Other
jurisdictions, such as France and the United Kingdom, already provide
indemnification of the licensee by the government within their domestic space
legislations.
Interestingly, India also holds an advantage for major space
innovation and foreign investment due to its relatively uncrowded space sector
and low operational costs. Since it already has an established space
infrastructure with a growing demand for satellite-based services, India could
position itself as a manufacturing and communications powerhouse by streamlining
its regulatory landscape.
India is also an important diplomatic player in the international arena and has
great potential to become a major global space power. On 24 September 2021,
leaders of the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (Quad) (ie, India, Australia,
Japan and the United States) issued a joint statement on their partnership on
outer space matters.
The statement mentions that they would "consult on rules,
norms, guidelines and principles for ensuring the sustainable use of outer
space". Consequently, India is poised to become a leader in ushering in Space (a
new era of space evolution). However, without a strong domestic framework
regulating space activities, India may not be able to effectively sustain this
momentum.
Space Legislation In India: Present Context
At present, India's legal framework concerning space exploration is notably
sparse. While statutes like the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) Act of
1969 and the National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC) Guidelines of 2011 exist,
they offer limited regulation over space-related activities.
India's space industry has historically been tightly controlled, overseen
directly by eminent figures and even managed from the Prime Minister's office.
While this centralised approach has led to significant achievements, such as
ISRO's remarkable successes in space technology, there's a growing need for
dedicated space laws as India moves towards privatisation.
Existing space regulations in India primarily consist of policy frameworks
rather than comprehensive laws.
These policies include:
- Satellite Communication Policy (Satcom): Introduced in 1997, this policy aims to advance satellite communication, launch capabilities, and encourage private investment. However, it was deemed insufficient, leading to the formulation of norms, guidelines, and procedures.
- Norms, Guidelines, and Procedure (Satcom) Policy, 2000: These regulations outline procedures for setting up satellite systems by private Indian companies with less than 74% foreign equity, including rules for using the INSAT satellite system.
- Remote Data Sensing Policy, 2011: This policy allows the transfer of high-resolution imaging services for private use, excluding sensitive imagery data. It aims to open the remote sensing sector for developmental activities.
- Isro Technology Transfer Policy: Designed to boost private participation and investment, this policy enables outsourcing manufacturing of satellite components and other space-related technologies to national and international companies, freeing ISRO to focus on research and development.
- The Indian Space Policy 2023 (Space Policy): This policy opens the Indian space sector to private players and establishes two new bodies, namely NewSpace India Limited (NSIL) and the Indian National Space Promotion and Authorization Center (IN-SPACe), with clear delineation of ISRO's role as a solely research and development body.
While the IN-SPACe is meant to act as a single-window clearance and authorization body for space launches (by private parties), the NSIL is a public sector undertaking responsible for commercializing space technologies.
The Space Policy makes the DOS responsible for overseeing its implementation and creating a mechanism for the resolution of space disputes.
Advantages of the Indian Space Policy
- Promoting the private sector will enable the Indian space program to remain cost-competitive within the global space market, and thus create several jobs in space and other related sectors.
- The space sector has the potential to incubate a vibrant ecosystem of startups and private industries. By becoming a leading contributor to India's economic growth story, the space sector is replicating the success seen in the IT sector today.
- This would also increase India's share in the global space market significantly.
- The policy would enable India to gain a strategic advantage in the field of space technologies which is emerging as a new area of economic activity.
- It will also enable India to provide safeguards to its space-based assets and protect them against any harmful attack.
- The policy also provides a thrust in the field of generating white-collar employment opportunities for our population.
- Enhanced opportunities in this field and a rise in investment would prevent a brain drain from our country.
- It will also lead to a rise in investment in the field of Research and Development and thus pave the way for the emergence of new technologies.
Legal Challenges Faced By India And Other Global Nations:
- Space Debris Management: As the number of satellites and space missions increases, countries face the challenge of managing space debris generated by their activities. Compliance with international guidelines for debris mitigation is essential.
- Resource Utilisation: Nations must address questions regarding property rights and equitable sharing of space resources, such as minerals or energy sources. Developing international agreements is essential to ensure fair access and prevent conflicts over resource exploitation.
- Sovereignty and Non-Appropriation: The Outer Space Treaty prohibits nations from claiming celestial bodies as their own, emphasizing peaceful use. Balancing this with sovereignty rights becomes crucial as space activities become more ambitious.
- Environmental Concerns: Space activities can generate debris and contamination, affecting the space environment. Developing legal frameworks for responsible and sustainable practices is necessary to mitigate the impact on space ecosystems.
- Peaceful Use and Security: Upholding the peaceful use of outer space requires international cooperation and robust legal mechanisms to address security concerns.
- Liability and Accountability: Crafting legal frameworks to address liability issues in a rapidly evolving space environment is essential for resolving disputes.
- Cybersecurity and Data Sharing: Safeguarding against cyber threats and establishing protocols for secure data sharing are critical legal aspects in space activities.
- Private Sector Involvement: Legal clarity regarding ownership, liability, and regulations is necessary to ensure responsible and commercially viable practices in space.
- International Collaborative Projects: Intricate legal agreements are required to govern contributions, responsibilities, and intellectual property rights among nations participating in collaborative projects like the International Space Station.
- Intellectual Property Rights: Developing legal frameworks to protect intellectual property rights generated through space exploration and research is essential to encourage innovation.
- Global Governance Mechanisms: Effective global governance mechanisms are needed as nations pursue ambitious space goals. International cooperation, agreements, and forums play a crucial role in harmonizing legal norms and ensuring a peaceful and collaborative space environment.
The Present Scenario In India
India is emerging as a potential participant in the international commercial
space market. The topic of discussions such as authorization, contracts, dispute
resolution, licensing, data processing and distribution associated to earth
observation services, insurance, certification of space technology, legal issues
connected to launch services, stamp duty needs to be addressed. The requisite
statute and laws need to be revised to bring space law-related issues into
domestic laws. To make the above stance clear, for instance, there exist
provisions for participation of private satellite systems.
However, none to
legally protect the operator or the government from absolving its liability in
case of damages. Thus, the intellectual property right laws have been yet
exclusive of space-related issues. As it is, The ISRO produces IP rights like
patents, data rights, trademark. Thereby, the Indian domestic space law should
include provisions for the peaceful use of the outer space for the ubiquitous
holistic benefit for the people.
India ranks fifth in global space technology, which is a remarkable achievement
and in no way can it neglect space legislation. The nascent regulatory framework
for space activities is defined by the Government of India as per its terms of
policies, procedures. A few of them includes, Remote Sensing Data Policy, 2011
came into force and did away with the inadequate provisions that nested in the
2001 policy such as it lifted the restrictions on the supply of satellite data
up to 1m resolution getting clearance from government's High-Resolution Image
Clearance Committee (NRSC); a policy framework for satellite communications in
India (the SATCOM policy), followed by the SATCOM norms and the technology
transfer policy of ISRO.
Characteristics Of National Framework
With national space laws in the works, India's private space sector is projected
to become increasingly active in the coming years. The space sector has been
dominated by the government since the early 1960s, with private business mostly
serving as a provider through contractual partnerships with the DOS via ISRO.
This is rapidly changing with the participation of the commercial private
sector.
One of the issues that commercial parties in the Indian space sector confront is
that agreements with the DOS and ISRO do not follow a standard framework, making
it difficult to predict the outcome of discussions with the appropriate
government body. One of the key reasons why the Indian space industry has
pressed on the establishment of national space laws is the regulatory ambiguity.
The growing importance of space operations in general, as well as the growing
involvement of the private sector in such activities, has made national
legislation on space activities undertaken by government agencies and private
commercial actors vital for a space nation like India.
The Draft Outer Space Activities Act 2017, pledges the Indian government to
provide a framework that supports all aspects of space-related activities.
The
bill identifies two fundamental reasons for space exploration:
- The first is for peaceful objectives, and
- The second is for national security reasons.
Another characteristic of the law is that it compels the government to establish
broader policies while not holding them directly responsible for space
infrastructure spending.
ISRO works with roughly 500 private enterprises on a limited basis, and Indian
industry has been involved in space activities for nearly five decades. However,
in recent years the Indian government has actively encouraged the private sector
to participate in Indian space programs. ISRO has done a significant amount of
applied work in the space sector, which has prevented it from focusing on space
exploration. Therefore, by allowing the commercial space sector to participate
in Indian space programs, ISRO intends to focus solely on research and
development activities, including the development of a manned space program.
The government has announced the formation of two new organizations in the last
two years to enable private sector participation in India's space industry. New
Space India Limited (NSIL), a public sector corporation incorporated as a
commercial branch of ISRO under the administrative administration of the
Department of Space, was established in 2019. NSIL was established to
commercialize the benefits of ISRO's research and development.
The Indian National Space Promotion and Authorization Center was established in
June 2020. This body acts as a regulator and facilitator for the private space
industry in India, with the goal of governing, promoting, and steering the
sector. In order for IN-SPACe to serve as a regulator under Article VI of the
Outer Space Treaty, a licensing, permitting, and oversight system was
established. It also serves as a liaison for the private sector, assessing its
needs in conjunction with ISRO. IN-SPACe ensures that private companies are
positioned on a level playing field in India's space sector.
The Global Scenario
The global space race has been on and ever since the moon landing in 1969, and
it has now transformed into the new cold war among developed and developing
nations. The interests and assets of a nation in space need to be safeguarded by
the help of effective and efficient policies and internationally ratified laws.
All nations with a presence in space do not believe in good for all policy,
thus, preventive measures need to be incorporated into the legal system.
A
thorough legal framework for space activities is being developed by the United
Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs (UNOOSA). The "Outer Space Treaty," a
collection of five international agreements on space law, establishes the
foundation of international space law. The agreements address topics such as the
peaceful use of space, preventing space from becoming militarised, and who is
responsible for damage caused by space objects.
Well-established space laws
govern both the United States and the United Kingdom. The National Aeronautics
and Space Act, which was passed in the US in 1958 and established the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to oversee national space programmes,
is in place there. The Outer Space Act of 1986 governs how UK citizens and
businesses can engage in space activity.
India's Space Industry: Major Milestones And Accomplishments In The Last Decade:
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Chandrayaan-3
Launched on 14th July 2023, Chandrayaan-3 mission aimed to land safely and explore the moon's surface. With its success, India has become one of the four elite nations in the world to have landed on the Moon, after the US, and China. It is a major historical event not only for India but for the whole world. India became the first nation in the world to successfully land on the South Pole of the Moon on 23rd August 2023.
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Aditya-L1 Mission
Aditya-L1 is India's first dedicated mission to study the Sun. Launched in September 2023, it orbits the Sun from a unique vantage point called the L1 Lagrange point, where the gravitational pull of the Sun and Earth balance out. Equipped with seven advanced instruments, Aditya-L1 will study the Sun's corona, chromosphere, and solar wind, helping us understand solar flares, coronal mass ejections, and space weather.
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Reusable Launch Vehicle Test
On April 2, 2023, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) achieved a major milestone – the first successful autonomous landing test of their Reusable Launch Vehicle (RLV) prototype. Conducted at the Aeronautical Test Range (ATR), Chitradurga, Karnataka, the RLV took off at 7:10 am IST by a Chinook Helicopter of the Indian Air Force as an underslung load and flew to a height of 4.5 km (above MSL).
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Module Propulsion System Test
ISRO conducted the first hot test on the Gaganyaan Service Module Propulsion System (SMPS) on July 19, 2023. On October 21, 2023, ISRO chief S. Somanath said that Gaganyaan's first Flight Test Vehicle Abort Mission-1 (TV-D1) was successfully accomplished. These successful tests pave the way for future Gaganyaan launches, bringing India closer to human spaceflight.
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TeLEOS-2 Mission
On April 22, 2023, India's ISRO successfully launched two Singaporean satellites in a mission known as TeLEOS-2. The Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV-C55) carried the main payload, TeLEOS-2, weighing 741 kg, and a smaller co-passenger satellite, Lumelite-4, weighing 16 kg.
Current Measures And Actions In India Regarding Space Law And Activities
India's New Era of Space Exploration
India's space exploration journey has reached new heights in recent years, with
significant achievements in 2023 paving the way for even more ambitious plans in
2024 and beyond. India celebrated the successful launch of Chandrayaan-3, the
third mission in its lunar exploration program on 14th July 2023. This mission
aimed to further our understanding of the Moon's surface and geology, following
the footsteps of its predecessors, Chandrayaan-1 and Chandrayaan-2.
Chandrayaan-3's success bolstered India's reputation as a formidable player in
space exploration, showcasing its technological prowess and scientific
capabilities.
Additionally, India also launched Aditya-L1, its first dedicated mission to
study the Sun on 2nd September 2023, and successfully achieved its intended
orbit nearly an hour later. The Aditya-L1 spacecraft is equipped with
state-of-the-art instruments to observe solar phenomena, study the Sun's corona,
and investigate solar wind dynamics. This mission holds immense scientific
importance, contributing to our understanding of space weather and its impact on
Earth's environment and technology.
Building on this success, India is gearing up for a series of groundbreaking
space missions in 2025 and beyond. One of the most anticipated missions is
Gaganyaan, India's first manned space mission. Scheduled for launch in
2025-2027, Gaganyaan will see Indian astronauts venturing into space aboard the
Gaganyaan spacecraft. This historic mission marks a significant milestone for
India's space program, positioning it among the elite group of nations with
human spaceflight capabilities.
Furthermore, India's space agency, ISRO (Indian Space Research Organisation), is
actively collaborating with international partners on various space exploration
projects. These collaborations not only enhance India's capabilities but also
foster global cooperation in advancing space science and exploration.
As India embarks on this new era of space exploration, the country's
achievements and planned missions underscore its commitment to pushing
boundaries, driving innovation, and contributing to humanity's collective quest
for knowledge and exploration beyond Earth's confines. With each successful
mission, India reaffirms its position as a leading player in the global space
community, inspiring future generations to dream big and reach for the stars.
New Space Law Draft ready to open for consultations by March 2025
A fresh draft of India's first dedicated space law is ready and to get opened
for consultations by March, said Pawan Goenka, in November 2024, chairman of
nodal space regulator Indian National Space Promotions and Authorization Centre
(IN-SPACe), a move that could make foreign investments easier in the nascent
sector. The absence of a space law has hobbled investments into the industry,
crimping its ability to grow beyond the current estimated $9 billion. Investment
applications currently need to go through the tiny space department, causing a
backlog.
The new draft comes six years after the government came out with the first one.
All that India has at the moment in the form of an official document is a
four-page policy published in 2023.The latest draft, prepared by the Department
of Space, is expected to be thrown open for industry stakeholder consultations
by March next year, Goenka said.
However, the official did not offer a timeline
for when the law might be notified, pointing out that the lawmaking process may
undergo multiple iterations and discussions, as per the norm. Once notified, it
is expected to give legal powers to In-Space, which remains a regulatory body in
appointment by the Centre, but without punitive powers for the time being.
Industry stakeholders said the law has been needed for a while now, and could
play a crucial role in order for India to meet its target of generating $44
billion from the industry by 2033, as per IN-SPACe. Goenka remained confident
about achieving the $44 billion valuation target he has set for India's space
economy in the In-Space decadal vision outline published last year.
Also in the works, Goenka added, is a framework for the 1,000 crore venture
capital fund for space startups, along with appointing a "professional fund
manager."The government, however is not looking at higher returns from the
investments in a bid to support the startups and justify the investments.
IN-SPACe expects the fund to be fully operational by April-June quarter of FY26.
In October, the Union Cabinet approved the RS 1,000 crore VC to support the
space sector.
It was also reported that the domestic space industry is also on track to seeing
up to 40 small rocket launches taking place from Indian soil in the immediate
future. We can see up to 12 launches from ISRO in one year.
Subsequently, a privatized Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV), as well as the
two startups, Agnikul Cosmos and Skyroot Aerospace in the Indian space industry,
can generate a cumulative total of 25 launches per year. By the end of this
decade, we could see 35-40 small rocket launches per year taking place in India
as per the official statements.
Currently there are 250 startups operating across various segments in the space
economy in India.
The government is also looking forward to scale the space economy to $44 billion
by 2033, including $11 billion in exports amounting to 7-8% of the global share.
Strategy And Vision For Indian Space Sector (2032 And Beyond):
To increase India's share in the global space economy and to become leading
player in space landscape, Goverenment of India is formulating decadal vision
and strategy for Development of Indian Space Ecosystem.
- Authorizing private space activities.
- Promoting industrial and international outreach.
- Strategising for Indian space sector.
- Nurturing and facilitating start-ups to have access to investors.
- Creating conducive ecosystem for private entities.
India also aims to build an Indian space station by 2035 and land the first
Indian on the lunar surface by 2040. On June 21, 2023, India also officially
joined the Artemis Accords, becoming the 27th nation to do so. India's
participation in the Artemis Accords marks a new chapter in its space
exploration journey. This international agreement, led by the US, aims to
establish a sustainable and peaceful framework for lunar exploration and
development. This opens doors for India for joint research, resource sharing,
and technology exchange with global partners like NASA, JAXA, and ESA.
Conclusion:
In the past decade, India has done exceptional work in the space industry and
has putted many odds aside, whether it's Chandrayaan-3 or Aditya-L1 mission,
India has achieved great success and accomplishments in these and other space
missions and activities also.
Still, India currently needs more norms, regulations and laws in the space
industry for it to grow in the future and to become an sector of more attraction
for investments, jobs, exploration etc. Currently, there are not much strict
policies, laws or rules in the space sector as compared to the other sectors of
India and other nations. India is still due to make more and liable laws for
space related activities and exploration as compared to other nations, most of
whom already have.
India's space sector in today's time is growing steadily and we can expect many
more developments and achievements in the future but still, concrete actions, a
thorough legal system and implementations of various policies and laws have to
be taken by the Government of India to make it's space sector more developed and
wide in the future with more scientific strategies to develop the nation and
it's people.
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