Two dark chapters of world history in which many countries, due to their political diplomacy, have shown the whole world a time which has shaken the entire human race and Created havoc that blew away all human rights. Due to these two incidents, many countries of the world realized that there should be such an organization to prevent such incidents from happening in the future, which would not only work for peace and security but to establish friendly relations among the nations, Work to promote social progress, better living standards, and promote human rights.

The time was 1945 when the United Nations was established. UN replaced the League of Nations which was established to promote international cooperation and to achieve international peace and security but failed because of aggressor nations undermining its authority and down to its own members.

Because the United Nations is an international organization and its objective is to maintain world peace, for that the United Nations has established 6 important organs e.g., general assembly, security council, economic and social council, trust ship council, secretariat and international court of justice In which general assembly and Security Council plays key role.

The UN have both strengths and weaknesses in the anarchic international system. State sovereignty created a real need for such organizations on a practical level because no central world government performs the function of coordinating the actions of states of mutual benefits. However, state sovereignty also severely limits the power of the UN and other IOs because government reserve power to themselves and are stingy in delegating it to the UN or anyone else. The UN has a mix record with these strengths and weaknesses- in some ways providing remarkable global level management and in other ways appearing helpless against the sovereignty of even modest sized states.

From the first Iran conflict to the Arab-Israeli war, the United Nations has played a vital role and it can also be said that the UN has prevented third world war. But for a few decades the United Nations has failed to fulfill the objectives for which it was established.

I would like to mention about the Afghanistan war. When preparations were going on to establish democracy in Afghanistan, Afghanistan sought help from the United Nations because then Afghanistan was under threat from Taliban terrorists. So United Nations took entry in Afghanistan with ISAF (international Security assistant force) with the help of UNAMA (United Nations assistance mission on Afghanistan) but withdrew military support by the end of 2021 and the taliban came back to power

You can understand the role of the United Nations in this from the fact that today the head of the Taliban government in Afghanistan, Mullah Mohammad Hassan Ankhud, he is the terrorist which is globally recognized as terrorist by United Nations. Despite this, he is openly ruling on Afghanistan and the United Nations couldn't do anything about it.

The history of the United Nations is replete with such double standards. From 1960 to 2015, more than 170 small and big wars have been fought in different corners of the world and more than 7 civil wars are going on. In which, the situation is very worst in countries like Syria, Yemen, and Lebnon.

Hundreds have been killed due to the military rule in Myanmar, there has been a bloody conflict between the Israeli-Palestinian terrorist organization Hamas, China continues to challenge Tibet's sovereignty, the border dispute with India and China is still going on. But in spite of all this, the United Nations could not take any effective decision on any subject till date. There is a rule of the United Nations that a country cannot attack another country and take its land, if it does so, then the whole world will join forces against it.

For instance, Saddam Hussain attacked Kuwait; in return the whole world united against him and killed him. Now you will say that this rule should also apply to the china-Tibet War. In 1959 China occupied Tibet and is still occupying it today and even today the United Nations has not even touched China Because China did not allow any resolution to be passed in general assembly of United Nations against it by using veto power.

Actual conflict that the UN was actively involved in Syria the UN has repeatedly expresses outrage and condonation but have been paralyze in stopping the carnage. Several Un official were directly involved in Syria and have quite their positions out of frustrations with the lack of meaningful progress. Veto power the United Nations Security Council veto power is the power of the five permanent members of the UN Security Council (China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States) to veto any "substantive" resolution

The veto power that the United Nations has given to 5 countries; it somewhere proves that these 5 countries are controlling the whole world. Because these are the only horses running in the race and if someone speaks against them for doing something wrong, then they use veto power to make them silence.

Russia-Ukrain war:
This is the reason why today United Nations could not bring any resolution against Russia in Russia-Ukraine war because Russia cast its negative vote by using veto power and general assembly couldn't proceed further to take action against Russia.

When Russia was attacking Ukraine it was prime function of UN to protect the ukrain from aggression of Russia but instead of this United Nations kept $ 150 million in Ukraine's pocket and ask told to protect themselves alone.

It is true that the United Nations and many other countries together imposed many economic sanctions on Russia, but we have seen how effective those sanctions were. The United Nations promises the safety of around 800 crores people around the world but where human rights are being murdered like this, the question arises on the functioning and purposes for which the United Nations was established.

Organizations like United Nations and many countries together have opened big shops in the name of peace. Saying that we will establish peace in your country, these organizations enter the country with so called peacekeeping forces and destroy the politics and in the end when nothing gets done, gets back.

Peacekeeping mission:
The secretary general assembles a peacekeeping forve for each mission, usually forms a few states totally uninvolved in the conflict and puts it under a single commander. The soldiers are commonly called blue blue helmets. Peacekeeping forces serve at the invitation of a host government and must leave if that government orders them out. Authority for peacekeeping forces is granted by the Security Council, usually for a period of three to six months that may be renewed.

Recent Mission:
As of 2015, the UN maintained more than 100,000 international personnel (including troops, military observers, police, and administrators) in 16 peacekeeping and observing mission that five world regions and used military personnel from 128 countries. Two largest peacekeeping missions in 2015 were in the Darfur region of sudan and democratic congo. In the congo mission , over 20,000 peacekeepers monitored a cease-fire and protected civilians after a civil war.

In 2012, these UN peacekeepers proved weak when a rebel movement in the unstable east of the country went on the attack, displacing civilians. In the end, I would only conclude saying that if the United Nations really wants to work for peace and security, then this chapter like veto power has to be abolished so that the United Nations can work for peace and security by being fair and independent.

Written By: Shankar Prajapati - Student, School of Law, ITM University, Gwalior, M. P.