In Bangladesh the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 is considered as the fundamental procedure of criminal case. Apart from the case institute in the Supreme Court or different Tribunals the criminal case are of 4 categories those are:

Criminal Case:

1. Complaint Register Case or (CR Case)
2. General Register Case or (GR Case)
3. Non FIR Case or (Non GR Case)
4. Unnatural Death Case or (UD Case)
    

1. Complaint Register Case (CR Case):

   When a case is initiated on the basis of a Complainant, it is called a Complaint Case and such a case is registered in the Complaint Register. For this reason, it is also known as Complaint Register Case (CR Case). The Judicial Magistrate takes cognizance in a CR Case under Section 190 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898.
    

2. General Register Case or (GR Case):

   When a case is lodged on the basis of information of a cognizable offence to the police station under Section 154 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898, it is called General Register Case or (GR Case) or FIR Case. This is also called a police case as it is filed in the police station through FIR (First Information Report) or EJAHAR and such a case is registered in the General Register of the police station.
    

3. Non FIR Case or (Non GR Case):

   A case lodged on the basis of information of a non-cognizable offence to the police station under Section 155 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898, is called Non FIR Case or (Non GR Case). This is also called a police case as it is filed in the police station through GD (General Diary)/Information and such a case is recorded in a Non General Register of the police station. After that, the Officer in Charge of the police station shall forward the information to the competent Judicial Magistrate for further necessary action.
    

4. Unnatural Death Case or (UD Case):

   When a first information is received by the Officer-in-Charge of a Police Station or such other officer empowered by the government about the commission of suicide, or when someone has been killed by another, by an animal, by an accident, or has died under circumstances raising reasonable suspicion that someone has committed an offence, the police officer will record the information in B.P. Form No. 48 and also proceed with the Unnatural Death Case (UD Case) under Section 174 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898, and Rule 299 of the Police Regulation of Bengal, 1943. After that, the Officer in Charge of the Police Station shall forward the information to the nearest Executive Magistrate for further necessary legal action. The first information of a UD Case is not an FIR.
    

Stage of different Criminal Case at a momentary look:

Complaint Register Case (CR Case)

• Submission of Complaint
• Examination of the Complainant
• Investigation of Inquiry Report (if any)
• Taking cognizance by the Magistrate
• Send for trial
• Taking cognizance by the Court of Session (if necessary)
• Charge Hearing
• Framing of Charge
• Examination and Cross-examination of witnesses
• Examination of the accused
• Defence witnesses (if necessary)
• Argument
• Judgment
   

General Register Case or (GR Case)

• Lodging FIR
• Investigation
• Police Report
• Taking cognizance by the Magistrate
• Send for trial
• Taking cognizance by the Court of Session (if necessary)
• Charge Hearing
• Framing of Charge
• Examination and Cross-examination of witnesses
• Examination of the accused
• Defence witnesses (if necessary)
• Argument
• Judgment
  
   

Non FIR Case or (Non GR Case)

• Lodging GD
• Permission of Investigation
• Police Report
• Taking cognizance by the Magistrate
• Send for trial
• Charge Hearing
• Framing of Charge
• Examination and Cross-examination of witnesses
• Examination of the accused
• Defence witnesses (if necessary)
• Argument
• Judgment

Written By Advocate Shoaibur Rahman & Head of Chambers, LAW CASTLE | LC.
E-Mail: info.advshoaib@gmail.com, Mobile: 01721 726751